Table 1.

Reported cases of thyroid involvement of LCH

Gender/Age	LCH	Other organ involvement	Thyroid				Treatment	Outcome	Author
			T3	T4	TSH	Clinical features
F/13	D	NR	NL	NL	NL	Diffuse enlargement of the thyroid	Subtotal thyroidectomy; vinblastine, prednisolone	8 yr remission	Yağcı et al [22]
F/26	L	NR	↑	↑	↓	Goiter (with Graves’ disease)	Thyroidectomy	Well at 3 yr	Lassalle et al [12]
F/31	L	NR	NL	NL	NL	An enlarged, diffusely firm, nontender, nonmobile, and not particularly nodular thyroid gland with mild compressive symptoms	Total thyroidectomy	NR	Lollar et al [20]
F/40	D	Lymph nodes	NL	NL	NL	A swelling in the front area of the neck	Thyroidectomy	Died on the third postoperative day	Ramadas et al [23]
M/28	D	Skin, mastoid, petrous bone	NR	↓	↑	Diffuse enlargement of the thyroid	Prednisolone, vinblastine, 6-mercaptopurine	NR	Wohlschlaeger [24]
F/13	D	Hypothalamus, parotid gland, external acoustic meatus, cervical lymph node, thymus	↓	↓	↑	Diffuse goiter	Vincristine, cytosine arabinoside, prednisolone	5 yr remission	Shima et al [25]
F/52	L	NR	NL	NL	NL	An enlarging thyroid mass	Right hemithyroidectomy	Well at 1 yr	Ramon et al [26]
M/18	D	DI	↓	↓	↑	A neck mass	Vincristine, prednisone	Alive	Xia et al [7]
F/44	L	NR	NL	NL	↓	Left sided thyroid swelling and dysphonia	Hemithyroidectomy, levothyroxine hormone replacement therapy	Well at 9 mo	Patten et al [27]
F/53	L	NR	NL	NL	NL	A progressively enlarging thyroid	Right thyroid lobectomy with right lymph node dissection	NR	Chung et al [28]
M/26	L	None	NL	NL	NL	An enlarging thyroid mass	Subtotal thyroidectomy	Alive	Present case 1
F/38	L	None	NL	NL	↓	An enlarging thyroid mass	Subtotal thyroidectomy	Alive	Present case 2

M, male; F, female; D, diffuse; L, localized; DI, diabetes insipidus; NR, not reported; NL, normal level; T3, triiodothyronine; T4, thyroxine; TSH, thyroid stimulating hormone.