Table 4.
Percentage in each type of ADL transition (from 1st to 2nd interview) by baseline characteristics
| Characteristics at Baseline (1st interview) |
No disability* |
Stable | Improving | Worsening | Death | P-value † |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Entire Sample (n=5388) | 47.8 | 35.8 | 7.4 | 7.2 | 1.7 | |
| Age at baseline (n=5388) | ||||||
| 20 – 29 (n= 363) | 72.5 | 19.3 | 3.0 | 4.4 | .8 | <.001 |
| 30 – 39 (n= 1226) | 60.7 | 28.1 | 4.8 | 5.8 | .6 | |
| 40 – 49 (n= 1710) | 49.0 | 34.3 | 8.0 | 7.5 | 1.2 | |
| 50 – 59 (n= 1349) | 33.4 | 45.4 | 9.6 | 8.8 | 2.7 | |
| 60 – 64 (n= 740) | 38.0 | 42.4 | 8.6 | 7.3 | 3.6 | |
| Sex (n=5388) | ||||||
| Male (n=3078) | 49.6 | 34.0 | 7.3 | 7.1 | 2.0 | .008 |
| Female (n=2310) | 45.4 | 38.1 | 7.6 | 7.4 | 1.4 | |
| Race/Ethnicity (n=5388) | ||||||
| White (n=3958) | 46.5 | 37.4 | 7.1 | 7.3 | 1.7 | .001 |
| Non-white (n=1430) | 51.5 | 31.3 | 8.3 | 7.0 | 1.8 | |
| Income (n=5388) | ||||||
| More than 25K (n=839) | 35.3 | 44.0 | 9.4 | 10.1 | 1.2 | <.001 |
| 25K or less (n=4549) | 50.1 | 34.3 | 7.1 | 6.7 | 1.8 | |
| Education Level (n=5285) | ||||||
| Less than HS (n=1851) | 48.6 | 35.1 | 7.0 | 7.6 | 1.8 | .70 |
| HS or more (n=3434) | 47.2 | 36.3 | 7.7 | 7.1 | 1.7 | |
| Marital Status (n=5385) | ||||||
| Not married (n=3537) | 53.8 | 31.8 | 6.2 | 6.4 | 1.7 | <.001 |
| Married (n=1846) | 36.4 | 43.3 | 9.7 | 8.7 | 1.8 | |
| Smoking status (n=5361) | ||||||
| Doesn’t smoke (n=3313) | 46.7 | 36.3 | 8.0 | 7.3 | 1.7 | .06 |
| Smokes (n=2048) | 50.0 | 35.2 | 6.5 | 7.1 | 1.2 | |
| Body Mass Index (n=5215) | ||||||
| Underweight (n=169) | 42.0 | 44.4 | 4.7 | 5.3 | 3.6 | <.001‡ |
| Normal (n=1509) | 51.8 | 33.3 | 6.4 | 6.8 | 1.7 | |
| Overweight (n=1637) | 50.6 | 34.3 | 7.7 | 6.5 | .9 | |
| Obese (n=1900) | 42.8 | 38.6 | 8.7 | 8.2 | 1.6 | |
| # of comorbidities (n=5375) | ||||||
| 0 (n=358) | 65.6 | 27.7 | 2.5 | 3.4 | .8 | <.001 |
| 1 (n=1161) | 67.2 | 23.4 | 4.4 | 4.6 | .4 | |
| 2 (n=1203) | 51.9 | 35.1 | 5.6 | 6.2 | 1.3 | |
| 3 (n=1020) | 42.9 | 41.0 | 7.2 | 7.5 | 1.4 | |
| 4 – 12 (n=1633) | 30.6 | 43.9 | 12.2 | 10.6 | 2.6 | |
| General Health (n=5359) | ||||||
| Good-Excellent (n=2347) | 63.1 | 27.5 | 3.7 | 5.1 | .6 | <.001 |
| Fair or poor (n=3012) | 36.3 | 42.3 | 10.4 | 8.9 | 2.2 | |
| Living Situation (n=5388) | ||||||
| With others (n=4133) | 46.2 | 37.2 | 7.7 | 7.4 | 1.6 | <.001 |
| Living alone (n=1255) | 53.3 | 31.1 | 6.6 | 6.8 | 2.2 | |
| Setting (n=5388) | ||||||
| Community (n=5283) | 48.0 | 35.8 | 7.5 | 7.2 | 1.5 | |
| Facility (n=79) | 32.9 | 41.8 | 5.1 | 7.6 | 12.7 | |
| Both (n=26) | 53.8 | 11.5 | 7.7 | 0.0 | 26.9 | |
*
No disability reported on both years
†
P-value from Chi-square test
‡
1 cells with expected value less than 5