Table 1.
Demographics and characteristics of participants.
| Total participants (n = 134) | Participants in analysis (n = 87) | Participants not in analysis (n = 47) | Test statistics | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mean | SD | mean | SD | mean | SD | t | df | |
| Demographics and characteristics | ||||||||
| MMSE (0–30) | 15.4 | 5.9 | 17.4 | 4.8 | 11.6 | 6.1 | −5.66** | 132 |
| Age (years) | 82.2 | 7.3 | 82.5 | 7.1 | 81.4 | 7.8 | −0.84 | 132 |
| Education (1–7) | 3.4 | 1.5 | 3.4 | 1.4 | 3.4 | 1.7 | 0.12 | 127 |
| Gender (% women) | 71.6 | 75.9 | 63.8 | 2.18χ | 1 | |||
| GDS (0–30) | 7.2 | 5.5 | 7.1 | 5.7 | 8.5 | 3.7 | 0.85 | 96 |
| SCL-90 (0–75) | 21.1 | 6.5 | 21.0 | 6.6 | 21.4 | 5.1 | 0.17 | 94 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.9 | 4.4 | 27.2 | 4.3 | 26.3 | 4.5 | −1.01 | 115 |
| Medication use (0–26) | 4.7 | 2.5 | 4.6 | 2.5 | 5.0 | 2.4 | 0.81 | 129 |
|
| ||||||||
| Comorbidities (% with disease) | ||||||||
| Endocrine/metab/nutr | 24.2 | 26.4 | 20.0 | 0.67χ | 1 | |||
| Heart/circulation | 65.2 | 66.7 | 62.2 | 0.26χ | 1 | |||
| Musculoskeletal | 37.9 | 41.4 | 31.1 | 1.33χ | 1 | |||
| Neurological | 97.0 | 96.6 | 97.8 | 0.15χ | 1 | |||
| Sensory | 24.2 | 26.4 | 20.2 | 0.67χ | 1 | |||
| Psychiatric/mood | 24.2 | 25.3 | 22.2 | 0.15χ | 1 | |||
| Pulmonary | 9.8 | 9.2 | 11.1 | 0.12χ | 1 | |||
| Other | 30.3 | 29.9 | 31.1 | 0.02χ | 1 | |||
Notes: Test statistics show differences between participants in analysis and participants not in analysis; df: degrees of freedom; t: independent t-test; χ χ 2 test; *P value < 0.05; **P value <0.01.
BMI: Body Mass Index; GDS: Geriatric Depression Scale; metab: metabolic; MMSE: Mini-Mental State Examination; nutr: nutritional; SCL-90: Symptoms Checklist 90.