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. 2013 Jun 28;1:18. doi: 10.1186/2049-2618-1-18

Table 2.

Multivariable analysis of epidemiologic exposures and intestinal bacterial taxa related to Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) development

Variable
 Phylum-level analysis
 
 V1-V3 sequence set
 V3-V5 sequence set
  P value a Coefficient sign b P value a Coefficient sign b
Bacterial phylum
  Bacteroidetes
 0.048
 -
 0.061
 -
Shannon diversity
 0.187
 -
 0.455
 -
Medication usec
  H2 blocker
 0.319
 -
 0.271
 -
  Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
 0.684
 +
 0.989
 +
  Proton-pump inhibitor
 0.443
 -
 0.467
 -
  Cephalosporin
 0.016
 +
 0.009
 +
  Fluoroquinolone
 0.038
 +
 0.018
 +
  Penicillin with β-lactamase inhibitor
 0.228
 +
 0.424
 +
  Vancomycind
 0.278
 +
 0.116
 +
 
 Family-level analysis
 
 V1-V3 sequence set
 V3-V5 sequence set
 
 P value a
Coefficient sign b
P value a
Coefficient sign b
Bacterial family
  Bacteroidaceae
 0.073
 -
 0.051
 -
  Clostridiales Incertae Sedis XI
 0.015
 -
 0.025
 -
  Enterococcaceae
 0.942
 +
 0.246
 +
Shannon diversity
 0.728
 +
 0.238
 +
Medication usec
  H2 blocker
 0.384
 -
 0.318
 -
  Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
 0.921
 +
 0.605
 +
  Proton-pump inhibitor
 0.674
 -
 0.558
 -
  Cephalosporin
 0.020
 +
 0.027
 +
  Fluoroquinolone
 0.045
 +
 0.061
 +
  Penicillin with β-lactamase inhibitor
 0.692
 +
 0.850
 -
  Vancomycind 0.423 + 0.193 +

aP values were determined by multivariate logistic regression. bA positive sign indicates that 16S sequence abundance (for bacterial taxa) or number of patients exposed (for medications) was higher among patients with CDI than among controls, while a negative sign indicates that 16S sequence abundance or number of patients exposed was lower among patients with CDI. cDefined as use within 8 weeks before or during hospitalization, until stool collection. dIntravenous administration.