. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Apr 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2012 Apr 6;51(5):528–536. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2012.02.021

TABLE 3.

Statistically Significant Differences Among Depression Groups in Probands and Adult Caregivers

	BRD (n = 42)	LBD (n = 30)	CD (n = 30)	Test	df	p
Proband
Antisocial personality, n (%)	11 (26.2)^a	7 (24.1)^a	0 (0.0)^b	χ² = 9.30	2	.01
Adult Caregiver
Depression (current), n (%)	24 (57.1)^a	6 (20.7)^b	3 (11.5)^b	χ² = 18.15	2	.001
PTSD (current), n (%)	19 (45.2)^a	3 (10.3)^b	2 (7.7)^b	χ² = 16.76	2	<.001
Functional impairment, (M ± SD)	69.2 ± 12.9^a	74.6 ± 14.3^ab	81.3 ± 9.0^b	F = 7.58	2, 93	.001

Note: Items with different superscript letters are significantly different at α = 0.017.

BRD = bereavement-related depression (within 2 months of loss); CD = depression in controls; LBD = later depression in the bereaved group (≥ 1 year after loss); PTSD = post-traumatic stress disorder.