TABLE II.
Evaluation Of Cases Based On Average Of All Trials
| Phantom | Tool | Case | Max. Force [mN] | Mean Force [mN] | Standard Deviation [mN] | Duration in Danger Zone [sec] | Danger Zone Percentage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bandage Phantom | Hook | (1) Freehand | 14.81 | 7.63 | 1.68 | 9.30 | 46.51% |
| (2) Only with AF | 9.91 | 6.46 | 0.98 | 2.94 | 14.71% | ||
| (3) Micron aided with AF | 8.65 | 6.38 | 0.62 | 0.99 | 4.97% | ||
| Forceps | (4) Freehand | 12.11 | 6.85 | 1.59 | 6.60 | 33.02% | |
| (5) Only with AF | 8.96 | 6.20 | 0.79 | 1.25 | 6.24% | ||
| (6) Steady-Hand Robot aided with AF | 8.20 | 6.26 | .64 | 0.85 | 4.26% | ||
| ISM of Chciken Embryo | Hook | (7) Only with AF | 8.27 | 4.55 | 1.56 | 0.32 | 0.74% |
| (8) Micron aided with AF | 7.58 | 4.81 | 1.35 | 0.44 | 0.54% | ||
| Forceps | (9) Only with AF | 9.05 | 4.93 | 1.46 | 1.26 | 2.11% | |
| (10) Steady-Hand Robot aided with AF | 7.96 | 4.87 | 1.33 | 1.11 | 1.85% |