Table 2.
Association of cardiovascular biomarkers with incident chronic kidney disease
| Outcome | Biomarker | Multivariable model
|
|
|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | Pa | ||
| Incident CKDb (n=276) | GDF-15 | 1.91 (1.61–2.26) | <0.0001 |
| sST2 | 1.15 (1.00–1.33) | 0.05 | |
| hsTnI | 1.16 (1.01–1.33) | 0.03 | |
| Microalbuminuriac (n=191) | GDF-15 | 1.25 (1.03–1.52) | 0.02 |
| sST2 | 1.24 (1.06–1.45) | 0.007 | |
| hsTnI | 1.22 (1.06–1.41) | 0.007 | |
| Rapid decline in renal functionb (n=237) | GDF-15 | 1.55 (1.31–1.83) | <0.0001 |
| sST2 | 1.17 (1.00–1.36) | 0.05 | |
| hsTnI | 1.09 (0.94–1.26) | 0.24 | |
Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio per 1-unit increase in log-transformed biomarker, where a one standard-deviation change is 0.43 log-units for GDF-15, 0.36 log-units for sST2, and 0.75 log-units for hsTnI; CI, confidence interval
a
Corrected P-value threshold=0.006
b
Adjusted for age, sex, baseline eGFR, hypertension, diabetes, dipstick proteinuria
c
Adjusted for age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, body-mass index, smoking, log-UACR, HDL cholesterol