Table 1. Dose Escalation Study Selected Physiological Values.

Selected variables from the sub-lethal hemorrhagic shock protocol are shown at baseline (BL) and following hemorrhagic and un-resuscitated shock (post-shock, PS). As treatment animals have not yet received VPA at PS, weight, mean arterial pressure (MAP), pH, and lactate (LAC) values from the 300 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, and 450 mg/kg group have been combined together. Data is expressed as mean ± SEM. All blood samples for ABG were arterial. At BL and PS, there were no significant differences (p>0.05) between vehicle and treatment animals in terms of weight, MAP, pH, and LAC.

	Baseline		Post-Shock
	Vehicle (n=9)	VPA (n=27)	Vehicle (n=9)	VPA (n=27)
Weight (g)	296.55 ± 15.43	275.21 ± 5.66	-	-
MAP (mmHg)	97.88 ± 2.29	95.71 ± 1.67	47.66 ± 4.01	54.11 ± 1.43
pH	7.44 ± 0.01	7.43 ± 0.01	7.36 ± 0.02	7.38 ± 0.01
LAC (mmol/L)	0.81 ± 0.10	0.85 ± 0.10	5.33 ± 0.40	4.19 ± 0.30

Data presented as group means ± SEM. VPA= valproic acid; MAP=mean arterial pressure; LAC=serum lactate