Table 1.

Metabolic syndrome definitions

Updated National Education Cholesterol Education Program, Adult Treatment Panel III diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome include the presence of 3 of 5 of the following [18]: 1. Elevated waist circumference [men greater than 40 in. (102 cm); women greater than 35 in. (88 cm)] 2. Elevated level of triglycerides equal to or greater than 150 mg/dL (1.7 mmol/L) 3. Reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level [men less than 40 mg/dL (1.03 mmol/L); women less than 50 mg/dL (1.29 mmol/L)] 4, Elevated blood pressure (equal to or greater than 130/85 mmHg or use of medication for hypertension) 5. Elevated fasting glucose level equal to or greater than 100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L) or use of medication for hyperglycemia

The International Diabetes Federation defined metabolic syndrome as the presence of central obesity with ethnicity-specific values, and any 2 of the following [19]: 1. Raised level of triglycerides greater than 150 mg/dL (1.7 mmol/L) or specific treatment for this lipid abnormality, 2. Reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level less than 40 mg/dL (1.03 mmol/L) in males and less than 50 mg/dL (1.29 mmol/L) in females or specific treatment for this lipid abnormality 3. Raised blood pressure (i.e., systolic blood pressure greater than 130 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure greater than 85 mmHg or treatment of previously diagnosed hypertension 4. Raised fasting plasma glucose level greater than 100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L) or previously diagnosed type 2 diabetes