Table 4.
Cytokine mean (standard deviation) expression ratio in placenta and maternal peripheral blood according to plasmodial species
|
Cytokine |
|
Placental tissue |
Maternal peripheral blood |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group a | Mean (S.D.) | P* | Mean (S.D.) | P* | |
|
IL2 |
PM- |
0.95 (0.28) |
|
1.18 (0.50) |
|
| |
PM + Pf |
1.08 (0.43) |
|
3.51 (1.20) |
|
| |
PM + Pv |
0.95 (0.42) |
|
3.92 (1.12) |
|
| |
PM + mixed |
0.67 (0.29) |
0.332 |
3.78 (0.70) |
0.000 |
|
IFNγ |
PM- |
0.46 (0.37) |
|
1.08 (0.72) |
|
| |
PM + Pf |
9.00 (0.92) |
|
6.06 (2.83) |
|
| |
PM + Pv |
8.59 (0.57) |
|
7.60 (0.78) |
|
| |
PM + mixed |
9.33 (0.31) |
0.000 |
6.85 (0.74) |
0.000 |
|
TNF |
PM- |
0.83 (0.45) |
|
0.76 (0.46) |
|
| |
PM + Pf |
6.23 (0.91) |
|
1.47 (0.43) |
|
| |
PM + Pv |
6.05 (0.41) |
|
1.48 (0.21) |
|
| |
PM + mixed |
6.00 (0.00) |
0.000 |
1.93 (0.46) |
0.000 |
|
IL4 |
PM- |
1.05 (0.62) |
|
1.41 (0.50) |
|
| |
PM + Pf |
1.56 (0.43) |
|
1.64 (0.30) |
|
| |
PM + Pv |
1.48 (0.21) |
|
1.63 (0.49) |
|
| |
PM + mixed |
1.96 (0.41) |
0.024 |
1.52 (0.28) |
0.634 |
|
IL10 |
PM- |
0.18 (0.18) |
|
0.65 (0.50) |
|
| |
PM + Pf |
3.33 (1.04) |
|
2.23 (0.54) |
|
| |
PM + Pv |
3.57 (0.69) |
|
2.93 (0.69) |
|
| PM + mixed | 4.08 (0.61) | 0.000 | 2.68 (0.58) | 0.000 | |
a PM- without placental malaria (n = 25); PM + Pf with placental infection by P. falciparum (n = 16); PM + Pv with placental infection by P. vivax (n = 6); PM + mixed with placental by both species (n = 3).
*(Kruskal-Wallis).