. 2013 Jul 3;116(7):927–936. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00409.2013

Table 2.

Systemic hemodynamic and respiratory responses at rest and with incremental exercise during normoxia and hypoxia in men and women

	Normoxia			Hypoxia
	Rest	10%	20%	Rest	10%	20%
Young adults
Men (n = 16)
Mean arterial pressure, mmHg	90 ± 1	92 ± 1^†	95 ± 1^†	90 ± 1	92 ± 1^†	94 ± 2^†
Heart rate, beats/min	60 ± 2	64 ± 2^†	68 ± 3^†	73 ± 3^*	77 ± 3^*^†	80 ± 3^*^†
Minute ventilation, l/min (btps)	7.5 ± 0.6	8.8 ± 0.7^†	10.4 ± 1.0^†	13.3 ± 1.5^*	16.6 ± 2.2^*^†	18.6 ± 2.2^*^†
End-tidal CO₂, %	5.3 ± 0.1	5.4 ± 0.1	5.4 ± 0.1	5.3 ± 0.1	5.3 ± 0.1	5.4 ± 0.1
Women (n = 15)
Mean arterial pressure, mmHg	86 ± 2	87 ± 2	87 ± 2^‡	88 ± 2	88 ± 2	87 ± 2^‡
Heart rate, beats/min	62 ± 3	67 ± 3^†	68 ± 3^†	76 ± 3^*	79 ± 4^*	82 ± 4^*^†
Minute ventilation, l/min (btps)	6.0 ± 0.5	7.9 ± 0.7^†	9.3 ± 0.8^†	10.8 ± 1.9^*	13.0 ± 1.8^*	15.1 ± 2.0^*^†
End-tidal CO₂, %	4.8 ± 0.1	4.8 ± 0.1	4.9 ± 0.1	4.8 ± 0.1	4.8 ± 0.1	4.9 ± 0.1
Older adults
Men (n = 5)
Mean arterial pressure, mmHg	106 ± 4	111 ± 6^†	114 ± 6^†	106 ± 5	113 ± 6^†	113 ± 6^†
Heart rate, beats/min	68 ± 4	70 ± 5^†	71 ± 5	81 ± 7^*	82 ± 7^*^†	81 ± 8^*
Minute ventilation l/min (btps)	8.8 ± 0.8	8.9 ± 0.8	10.3 ± 1.6	12.5 ± 2.4^*	14.6 ± 1.7^*	17.2 ± 2.4^*^†
End-tidal CO₂, %	5.0 ± 0.2	5.1 ± 0.1	5.1 ± 0.1	4.9 ± 0.2	5.1 ± 0.2	5.0 ± 0.2
Women (n = 6)
Mean arterial pressure, mmHg	98 ± 7	102 ± 7^†	106 ± 6^†	100 ± 6	100 ± 7	102 ± 5
Heart rate, beats/min	62 ± 2	66 ± 3^†	70 ± 3^†	76 ± 2^*	77 ± 3^*^†	80 ± 5^*^†
Minute ventilation, 1/min (btps)	5.9 ± 0.3	6.5 ± 0.5	9.0 ± 1.7^†	11.0 ± 1.1^*	14.5 ± 2.4^*	16.7 ± 4.0^*^†
End-tidal CO₂, mmHg	5.3 ± 0.2	5.3 ± 0.2	5.3 ± 0.1	5.3 ± 0.1	5.3 ± 0.2	5.3 ± 0.1

Values are means ± SE; n, no. of subjects.

P < 0.05 vs. normoxia.

^†

P < 0.05 vs. rest.

^‡

P < 0.05 vs. men.