Fig. 1.

Cardiac output (Q̇c; A), heart rate (B), arteriovenous oxygen difference [a-v̇O₂diff; (a-v)Do₂; C], mean arterial pressure (MAP; D), systemic vascular resistance (SVR; E), and effective arterial elastance (Ea; F) as a function of oxygen uptake (V̇o₂) scaled relative to total body mass. Values are means ± SE. *P < 0.05 vs. sedentary. #P < 0.05 vs. casual. †P < 0.05 vs. committed. Only statistically significant results at maximal exercise are indicated. Please refer to text for further details.