Table 4.
Odds ratio estimates and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals from the results of proportional odds models for yearly hospitalizations, emergency department visits, physician office visits (using Elementary School and Middle School data)
| Parameter | Hospitalizations |
ED Visits |
MD Visits |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | ||||
| Severe persistent vs. not severe persistent | 2.26 | 1.29 | 3.96 | 2.58 | 1.77 | 3.76 | 1.72 | 1.26 | 2.36 |
| Age at baseline interview | 0.99 | 0.87 | 1.13 | 1.02 | 0.94 | 1.11 | 1.12 | 1.05 | 1.20 |
| Age, yr: not severe persistent | 0.86 | 0.65 | 1.13 | 0.83 | 0.71 | 0.96 | 1.01 | 0.90 | 1.13 |
| Age, yr: severe persistent | 0.81 | 0.54 | 1.20 | 0.66 | 0.50 | 0.87 | 1.06 | 0.85 | 1.34 |
| Household income, $10,000* | 0.93 | 0.84 | 1.03 | 0.88 | 0.83 | 0.93 | 0.96 | 0.92 | 1.00 |
| Antiinflammatory medications† | 2.67 | 1.70 | 4.21 | 3.08 | 2.26 | 4.21 | 3.30 | 2.53 | 4.31 |
| Bronchodilator | 7.68 | 4.11 | 14.35 | 6.12 | 4.47 | 8.37 | 7.35 | 5.71 | 9.47 |
Definition of abbreviations: CI = confidence interval; ED = emergency department; MD = physician; OR = odds ratio.
The probabilities that the number of health care use is greater than 0, 1, and 2 are predicted.
Household income has 10 levels ($10,000 difference between adjacent levels), with the lowest income level as ≤$10,000 and the highest level as >$100,000, and is considered as a continuous variable in analysis.
Antiinflammatory medications include any prescribed antiinflammatory medications, including oral steroids and leukotriene modifiers.