Figure 1. Increasing insulin signaling in osteoblasts weakens glucose intolerance in mice fed a HFD.

(A) Western blot analysis of INSR in calvaria bones and RT-PCR analysis of the expression of the Insr transgene in bones, livers, muscles, and WAT of WT and Col1a1-INSR^Tg mice. (B) Body weight and (C) gonadal fat pad weight in WT and Col1a1-INSR^Tg mice fed a normal diet (ND) or HFD (n = 8). (D) Random glucose levels in WT and Col1a1-INSR^Tg mice fed a normal diet or HFD (n = 8). (E) Random insulin levels in WT and Col1a1-INSR^Tg mice fed a normal diet or HFD (n = 8). (F) GTT and (G) ITT in WT and Col1a1-INSR^Tg mice fed a normal diet or HFD (n = 8). (H) Western blot analysis of the phosphorylation levels of INSR and AKT in muscles of WT and Col1a1-INSR^Tg mice fed a normal diet or a HFD. All Western blot experiments were repeated at least 3 times. *P < 0.05.