Figure 2.

Portal hypertension induced gastric mucosal PUMA expression and PHG in PVL mice. (a) Portal hypertension induced significant congestive splenomegaly, and H&E staining showed splenemia with splenitis in PVL mice at 2 weeks compared with SO mice ( × 200). (b) Portal hypertension significantly induced gastric mucosal injury (upper panel H&E staining, × 200) and upregulated PUMA (red) expression (lower panel immunofluorescence staining, × 200) in PVL mice. Cell nuclei (blue) were counterstained by 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). (c) PUMA mRNA expression in the gastric mucosa was evaluated by real-time PCR in three different mice in each group. (d) Real-time PCR showed relative PUMA mRNA fold changes. The values are expressed as the means±S.D. (n=3 in each group) for real-time PCR. (e) PUMA protein expression in the gastric mucosa was determined by western blotting in three different mice. β-Actin was used as the loading control. (f) The ratio of densitometry units of PUMA/β-actin is represented. The values are expressed as the means±S.D. (n=3 in each group) for western blotting