Figure 4. Classification of HIV infected patients according to presence of HIVE.

Based on the complex relationship between HAND and HIVE, currently four groups of patients are recognized (Gelman et al., 2012): 1) without HIVE or neurodegeneration (HIVE-ND−); 2) without HIVE, but with neurodegeneration (HIVE-ND+); 3) HIVE, without neuronal degeneration (HIV+ND) and 4) HIVE and with extensive degeneration (HIV+ND+)