Fig. 3.

Effect of WNV replication on THP-1 adhesion and transmigration. (a) Adherence of THP-1 cells to HBMECs. Results represent the mean±se of three independent experiments. (b, d) FITC-dextran translocation across HBMEC monolayers in the absence (b) or presence (d) of HBCAs. The level of fluorescence in abluminal supernatants was determined in triplicate. Values represent the mean±se from at least two independent experiments. (c) Schematic of HBMEC/HBCA co-culture assembly in Transwells. (e) Transmigration of THP-1 cells through the HBMEC layer of HBMEC/HBCA co-cultures. Total fluorescence present in abluminal lysates was determined in triplicate. Values were normalized to the total fluorescence present in the mock wells. Data represent the mean±se of at least three independent experiments. One-way ANOVA was performed to determine statistical significance: *P<0.05, ***P<0.005.