Table 2.
OR and robust 95% CIs for household-level diarrhea from a series of six community-based case control studies in Borbón, Ecuador (from December of 2008 to May of 2009)
| Predictor | Unadjusted estimates | Multivariable model 1 | Multivariable model 2 | Multivariable model 3 | Multivariable model 4 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |
| Household with child < 5 years of age | 4.95 | 3.38–7.24 | 3.75 | 2.40–5.86 | 3.60 | 2.31–5.61 | 3.73 | 2.39–5.82 | 3.78 | 2.41–5.92 |
| Household population | 1.25 | 1.18–1.33 | 1.16 | 1.08–1.25 | 1.17 | 1.08–1,25 | 1.16 | 1.09–1.25 | 1.17 | 1.09–1.25 |
| Minimal ownership (score = 0) | 7.84 | 2.25–27.29 | 7.82 | 1.98–30.95 | 7.58 | 1.91–30.18 | 8.00 | 2.02–31.72 | 8.60 | 2.17–34.06 |
| High school education | 0.66 | 0.46–0.96 | − | − | − | − | − | − | ||
| Unimproved water source | 3.39 | 1.67–6.87 | 3.60 | 1.66–7.84 | 6.81 | 2.33–19.90 | 0.90 | 0.14–5.83 | 3.48 | 1.59–7.62 |
| Water treatment | 0.85 | 0.60–1.22 | − | − | − | − | − | − | ||
| Small-mouthed water storage vessel | 0.78 | 0.55–1.10 | − | − | − | − | − | − | ||
| Unimproved sanitation | 2.01 | 1.42–2.85 | 1.71 | 1.16–2.51 | 1.88 | 1.27–2.80 | 1.73 | 1.18–2.55 | 3.61 | 1.29–10.10 |
| Number of families sharing sanitation | 0.99 | 0.88–1.12 | − | − | − | − | − | − | ||
| Improved hygiene (score = 1) | 0.16 | 0.06–0.47 | − | − | − | − | − | − | ||
| Improved waste disposal | 0.66 | 0.44–0.98 | − | − | − | − | − | − | ||
| Extreme rainfall days* | 0.88 | 0.80–0.98 | 0.83 | 0.74–0.93 | 0.82 | 0.73–0.93 | 0.81 | 0.72–0.91 | 0.88 | 0.77–1.01 |
| Water source × sanitation | 0.24 | 0.06–0.91 | ||||||||
| Water source × extreme rainfall days* | − | − | − | − | 1.50 | 0.93–2.41 | − | − | ||
| Sanitation × extreme rainfall days* | − | − | − | − | − | − | 0.81 | 0.63–1.06 | ||
*
Extreme rainfall days are defined using a threshold equivalent to the 90th percentile of the daily rainfall distribution (> 18 mm) summed over the 5 weeks before the end of the 15-day case control period.