Table 2. Column 2: Demographic, behavioral and clinical characteristics of the study population (number [percentages] are given unless otherwise stated); Columns 3 to 8: Results of the logistic regression models for the three outcomes: ART discontinuation, Loss to Follow-up and Initial ART Regimen.
| ART Discontinuation | Loss to Follow-up | Initial ART Regimen | |||||
| Unadjusted | Adjusted | Unadjusted | Adjusted | Unadjusted | Adjustedh | ||
| N (%) | OR (95%CI) | OR (95%CI) | OR (95%CI) | OR (95%CI) | OR (95%CI) | OR (95%CI) | |
| Total | 3116 | ||||||
| Cohort | |||||||
| IPEC | 1822 (58.5) | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Johns Hopkins | 1294 (41.5) | 5.99 (5.02, 7.15) | 5.75 (4.68, 7.07) | 5.10 (4.28, 6.08) | 4.76 (3.94, 5.75) | 2.19 (1.88, 2.55) | 1.63 (1.35, 1.96) |
| Age a | |||||||
| Median (IQR) | 39 (32,46) | ||||||
| <30 | 551 (17.7) | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| 30–39 | 1061 (34.1) | 1.34 (1.06, 1.71) | 0.99 (0.76, 1.29) | 1.54 (1.20, 1.98) | 1.06 (0.85, 1.32) | ||
| 40–49 | 994 (31.9) | 1.43 (1.12, 1.83) | 0.73 (0.55, 0.97) | 1.54 (1.20, 1.99) | 1.20 (0.96, 1.49) | ||
| 50+ | 510 (16.4) | 0.95 (0.71, 1.27) | 0.43 (0.31, 0.60) | 1.79 (1.34, 2.38) | 1.22 (0.95, 1.58) | ||
| Gender | |||||||
| Female | 1042 (33.4) | 0.81 (0.68, 0.96) | 1.05 (0.88, 1.24) | 0.54 (0.46, 0.63) | 0.55 (0.47, 0.64) | ||
| Male | 2074 (66.6) | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Race/ethnicity | |||||||
| White | 1143 (36.8) | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Non-white | 1966 (63.2) | 2.21 (1.84, 2.64) | 1.26 (1.03, 1.55) | 1.72 (1.44, 2.05) | 1.25 (1.07, 1.46) | ||
| HIV risk exposure category b | |||||||
| Not IDU | 2711 (87) | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||
| IDU | 405 (13) | 3.27 (2.64, 4.06) | 3.46 (2.79, 4.30) | 1.80 (1.46, 2.23) | |||
| Pre-treatment CD4 T-cell count c | |||||||
| Median (IQR) | 194 (65,299) | ||||||
| <100 | 819 (26.3) | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| 100–199 | 492 (15.8) | 0.91 (0.70, 1.17) | 0.80 (0.62, 1.03) | 0.80 (0.63, 1.01) | 0.72 (0.56, 0.92) | ||
| 200–349 | 829 (26.6) | 0.73 (0.58, 0.91) | 0.61 (0.49, 0.77) | 0.72 (0.58, 0.88) | 0.62 (0.49, 0.77) | ||
| 350+ | 420 (13.5) | 0.83 (0.63, 1.09) | 0.77 (0.59, 1.01) | 0.95 (0.75, 1.22) | 0.77 (0.59, 1.00) | ||
| Missing | 556 (17.8) | 1.21 (0.95, 1.53) | 1.25 (0.99, 1.57) | 0.96 (0.77, 1.21) | 0.84 (0.66, 1.06) | ||
| Nadir CD4 T-cell count | |||||||
| Median (IQR) | 179 (53,279) | ||||||
| <50 | 657 (21.1) | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |
| 50–199 | 855 (27.4) | 0.67 (0.53, 0.83) | 0.93 (0.72, 1.19) | 0.60 (0.48, 0.75) | 0.74 (0.58, 0.94) | 0.81 (0.66, 1.01) | |
| 200–349 | 918 (29.5) | 0.55 (0.44, 0.69) | 0.83 (0.65, 1.08) | 0.49 (0.39, 0.62) | 0.71 (0.55, 0.91) | 0.73 (0.60, 0.91) | |
| 350+ | 329 (10.6) | 0.57 (0.42, 0.77) | 0.67 (0.48, 0.94) | 0.62 (0.46, 0.84) | 0.71 (0.51, 0.99) | 0.98 (0.74, 1.29) | |
| Missing | 357 (11.5) | 0.92 (0.69, 1.21) | 1.16 (0.84, 1.59) | 0.74 (0.56, 0.98) | 0.80 (0.58, 1.09) | 0.79 (0.60, 1.04) | |
| Pre-treatment HIV viral load c | |||||||
| < = 100000 | 1383 (44.4) | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |
| >100000 | 1007 (32.3) | 1.10 (0.92, 1.33) | 1.26 (1.01, 1.56) | 1.16 (0.96, 1.40) | 1.32 (1.07, 1.63) | 1.00 (0.84, 1.18) | |
| Missing | 726 (23.3) | 1.19 (0.97, 1.46) | 1.40 (1.10, 1.77) | 1.35 (1.10, 1.66) | 1.68 (1.33, 2.11) | 0.87 (0.72, 1.06) | |
| Initial ART regimen d | |||||||
| NNRTI | 1959 (62.9) | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | - | ||
| PI | 1092 (35) | 1.75 (1.48, 2.06) | 1.32 (1.11, 1.59) | 1.28 (1.09, 1.51) | - | ||
| ADI at start of ART e | |||||||
| No | 2080 (66.8) | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Yes | 1036 (33.2) | 0.76 (0.64, 0.91) | 0.96 (0.81, 1.14) | 0.69 (0.59, 0.81) | 0.53 (0.42, 0.67) | ||
| Hepatitis B co-infection f | |||||||
| No | 2981 (95.7) | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||
| Yes | 135 (4.3) | 1.06 (0.72, 1.56) | 1.57 (1.09, 2.26) | 0.66 (0.45, 0.98) | |||
| Hepatitis C co-infection f | |||||||
| No | 2638 (84.7) | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |
| Yes | 478 (15.3) | 2.69 (2.19, 3.29) | 1.44 (1.13, 1.82) | 2.84 (2.31, 3.48) | 1.45 (1.15, 1.81) | 1.54 (1.26, 1.88) |
HIV: human immunodeficiency virus, ART: antiretroviral therapy, ADI: AIDS defining illness.
a
Age at the start of ART.
b
Reported mode of HIV risk exposure was categorized injection drug users (IDU) and not IDU.
c
Pre-treatment CD4+ cell count and HIV RNA were defined as the value closest to the date of start of ART up to 6 months prior.
d
Initial ART regimen was classified as NNRTI-based or PI-based. Integrase inhibitor-based regimens were too few (N = 75) to draw consistent conclusions and were thus excluded.
e
ADI at the start of ART was defined as the presence of any CDC 1993 condition at six months prior to up to one month after start of ART.
f
Hepatitis B/C co-infection was defined as having chronic infection at the start of ART.
h
Significant cohort and ADI interaction term [aOR 2.02 (1.42, 2.86)].