Table 3.
Validation of AKI billing codes compared with AKI based on Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) creatinine criteria and KDIGO combined creatinine and urine output criteria
| AKI Definition | AKIcra | AKIcrb | AKIcr_uopb |
|---|---|---|---|
| Data source | Chart review | Electronic medical record | Electronic medical record |
| Sample size (n) | 546 | 1970 | 1839 |
| Billing code AKI | |||
| Events (n) | 233 | 361 | 609 |
| Sensitivity (%) | 17.4 (11.6 to 23.1) | 17.2 (13.2 to 21.2) | 11.7 (8.8 to 14.5) |
| Specificity (%) | 99.6 (99.3 to 99.9) | 98.5 (97.9 to 99.1) | 98.9 (98.2 to 99.5) |
| PPV (%) | 92.0 (85.9 to 98.2) | 72.1 (62.4 to 81.8) | 83.5 (75.4 to 91.7) |
| NPV (%) | 81.8 (76.5 to 87.2) | 84.1 (82.2 to 86.1) | 69.3 (66.9 to 71.7) |
Ranges in parentheses are 95% confidence intervals. AKIcr, AKI by the creatinine-based criteria; AKIcr_uop, AKI by the creatinine- or urine output–based criteria; PPV, positive predictive value; NPV, negative predictive value.
a
Validation measures are weighted for probability sampling.
b
Washington County site only, 2002–2008.