Table 5. Regulatory characteristics of wholesalers.

		COUNTRY
		BENIN	CAMBODIA	DRC	NIGERIA	UGANDA	ZAMBIA
Any up-to-date licence from the pharmaceutical regulatory authority was observed1	%	0.9	29.5	19.9	8.7	82.0	70.0
	95% CI	0.0*–2.7	20.1–38.8	13.1–26.6	3.9–13.5	75.3–88.8	55.2–84.8
	(N)	(196)	(95)	(136)	(138)	(128)	(40)
An up-to-date wholesale licence from the pharmaceutical regulatory authority was observed1	%	0.0	10.5	15.7	8.0	63.3	55.0
	95% CI	–	4.2–16.8	9.4–21.9	3.4–12.5	54.8–71.7	38.9–71.1
	(N)	(196)	(95)	(134)	(138)	(128)	(40)
Reported they had been visited by a pharmaceutical inspector in the past year	%	15.2	82.4	94.2	71.2	99.2	97.5
	95% CI	8.3–22.0	74.4–90.4	90.3–98.2	63.4–79.0	97.6–100.0*	92.4–100.0*
	(N)	(189)	(91)	(138)	(132)	(123)	(40)
Store antimalarials in a dry area, out of direct sunlight and off the floor	%	91.8	88.4	90.4	97.0	92.1	86.1
	95% CI	84.9–98.6	81.5–95.3	84.8–95.9	93.6–100.0*	87.3–96.8	74.2–98.0
	(N)	(154)	(86)	(114)	(100)	(126)	(36)
Employ a member of staff with health qualifications2	%	28.7	63.4	92.8	62.8	100.0	97.6
	95% CI	18.6–38.8	53.5–73.4	88.4–97.1	54.6–71.0	–	92.8–100.0*
	(N)	(142)	(93)	(138)	(137)	(128)	(42)

CI: confidence interval; N: number of wholesalers contributing to calculation of indicator. 1: DRC pharmaceutical wholesale or retail licences do not possess expiration dates; but these licenses must be maintained on the business premises. 2 Health qualifications common across all countries include pharmacists, pharmacy technicians, pharmacy assistants, nurses, midwives, medical doctors, but some countries may include other categories. Note: 95% confidence intervals are derived using the standard Wald method and confidence limits that have been restricted to the lower limit of 0% and upper limit of 100% are marked with *.