Figure 6.

(A) VCAM-1 over-expression contributes to increased chemoresistance in a, NMuMG and b, MDAMB231 cells by MTT analysis. Samples were analyzed after 48 h of drug treatment, * p < 0.01; (B) Increased chemoresistance markers and VCAM-1 expression in NMuMG cells after long-term exposure to low-dose doxorubicin. Relative mRNA levels are expressed as arbitrary units normalized to the data from controls, * p < 0.01; (C) VCAM-1 regulates migration and chemoresistance-related genes in NMuMG cells as determined by RT-qPCR, * p < 0.01; (D) Over-expression of VCAM-1 increases CD44 and ABCG2 protein levels, and VCAM-1 physically interacts with CD44 molecules in control and VCAM-1-over-expressing NMuMG cells as determined by western blot and immunoprecipitation analyses.