Table 1.

Patient characteristics of the whole sample

Characteristics	Total (N=2033)
Mean age (±SD)	49.5 (17)
Male (%)	51
Triage priority (%)
High (1–2)	45.3
Low (3–5)	54.7
Arrival (%)
Ambulance	29.2
Walk-in	70.8
Admitted (%)	41.7
Discharged	58.3
Treated with opiates only (%)	66.7
Treated with non-opiates only	11.1
Treated with combination	22.2
Route of analgesia administration (%)
Intravenous	62
Other	38
With trauma injury (%)	7.6
With abdominal pain (%)	39.5
With blood test (%)	6.4
With heart-rate monitoring (%)	11.7
With oxygen support (%)	9.5
In isolation (%)	4.5
Mean (±SD) baseline pain intensity score	8.8 (1.1)
Mean (±SD) final pain intensity score	5.1 (3)
Median LOS in hours (25th–75th centile)	12.3 (7.8–20.3)
Median time between arrival at ED and analgesic treatment in hours (25th–75th centile)	1.8 (1.1–3.2)
Median time to patient care by physician in hours (25th–75th centile)	0.72 (0.42–1.4)

ED, emergency department; LOS, length of stay.