Table 4.
Relationships between personal safety and walking to school
| |
Crude |
Adjusted† |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 830 | OR | 95% CI | P | N = 830 | OR | 95% CI | p | |||||
|
Personal safety (home) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Do you feel safe walking in neighborhood
‡
|
824 |
|
|
|
|
|
754 |
|
|
|
|
|
| Never |
|
1.00 |
Ref. |
|
|
.986 |
|
1.00 |
Ref. |
|
|
.003 |
| Some of the time |
|
1.03 |
0.59 |
- |
1.83 |
|
|
1.23 |
0.66 |
- |
2.29 |
|
| Most/all of the time |
|
1.04 |
0.64 |
- |
1.72 |
|
|
1.42 |
0.82 |
- |
2.47 |
|
|
Do you feel safe riding a bike in neighborhood
‡
|
826 |
|
|
|
|
|
756 |
|
|
|
|
|
| Never |
|
1.00 |
Ref. |
|
|
.777 |
|
1.00 |
Ref. |
|
|
.009 |
| Some of the time |
|
0.86 |
0.48 |
- |
1.53 |
|
|
0.90 |
0.49 |
- |
1.67 |
|
| Most/all of the time |
|
0.84 |
0.52 |
- |
1.36 |
|
|
0.98 |
0.58 |
- |
1.64 |
|
|
Safe for child to walk/bike in neighborhood |
802 |
|
|
|
|
|
737 |
|
|
|
|
|
| Never/not very often |
|
1.00 |
Ref. |
|
|
.007 |
|
1.00 |
Ref. |
|
|
< .001 |
| Some of the time |
|
1.41 |
0.86 |
- |
2.31 |
|
|
1.61 |
0.95 |
- |
2.74 |
|
| Most/all of the time |
|
2.01 |
1.28 |
|
3.17 |
|
|
2.42 |
1.47 |
- |
3.99 |
|
|
Afraid when out alone after dark in community |
792 |
|
|
|
|
|
730 |
|
|
|
|
|
| Disagree |
|
1.00 |
Ref. |
|
|
.643 |
|
1.00 |
Ref. |
|
|
015 |
| Unsure |
|
0.79 |
0.48 |
- |
1.32 |
|
|
0.78 |
0.45 |
- |
1.32 |
|
| Agree |
|
0.99 |
0.66 |
|
1.50 |
|
|
1.03 |
0.67 |
- |
1.60 |
|
|
Personal Safety (En-route) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Adults, other children to walk/bike with |
785 |
|
|
|
|
|
720 |
|
|
|
|
|
| Not a problem |
|
1.00 |
Ref. |
|
|
<.001 |
|
1.00 |
Ref. |
|
|
<.001 |
| Sometimes a problem |
|
0.46 |
0.29 |
- |
0.74 |
|
|
0.49 |
0.30 |
- |
0.79 |
|
| Always a problem |
|
0.17 |
0.09 |
- |
0.34 |
|
|
0.16 |
0.08 |
- |
0.33 |
|
|
Violence or crime a problem |
799 |
|
|
|
|
|
732 |
|
|
|
|
|
| Not a problem |
|
1.00 |
Ref. |
|
|
.010 |
|
1.00 |
Ref. |
|
|
<.001 |
| Sometimes a problem |
|
0.60 |
0.39 |
- |
0.93 |
|
|
0.56 |
0.35 |
- |
0.89 |
|
| Always a problem |
|
0.44 |
0.20 |
- |
0.94 |
|
|
0.46 |
0.21 |
- |
0.99 |
|
|
Stray or dangerous animals a problem |
808 |
|
|
|
|
|
740 |
|
|
|
|
|
| Not a problem |
|
1.00 |
Ref. |
|
|
<.001 |
|
1.00 |
Ref. |
|
|
<.001 |
| Sometimes a problem |
|
0.40 |
0.26 |
- |
0.62 |
|
|
0.42 |
0.27 |
- |
0.66 |
|
| Always a problem |
|
0.75 |
0.39 |
- |
1.46 |
|
|
0.69 |
0.34 |
- |
1.39 |
|
|
Personal safety (school) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Near child’s school… |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Attractive buildings and natural things to see |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| No |
819 |
1.00 |
Ref. |
|
|
.708 |
749 |
1.00 |
Ref. |
|
|
.002 |
| Yes, a few |
|
0.86 |
0.59 |
- |
1.25 |
|
|
1.05 |
0.70 |
- |
1.58 |
|
| Yes, many |
|
1.02 |
0.52 |
- |
2.01 |
|
|
1.71 |
0.82 |
- |
3.56 |
|
|
Abandoned houses or vacant lots |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| No |
822 |
1.00 |
Ref. |
|
|
.947 |
752 |
1.00 |
Ref. |
|
|
.005 |
| Yes, a few |
|
1.06 |
0.74 |
- |
1.53 |
|
|
1.03 |
0.69 |
- |
1.51 |
|
| Yes, many |
|
1.02 |
0.49 |
- |
2.12 |
|
|
0.69 |
0.29 |
- |
1.63 |
|
|
Condoms, drug-related paraphernalia (needles, syringes, etc.) |
809 |
|
|
|
|
|
741 |
|
|
|
|
|
| No |
|
1.00 |
Ref. |
|
|
.704 |
|
1.00 |
Ref. |
|
|
.008 |
| Yes, a few |
|
0.73 |
0.32 |
- |
1.65 |
|
|
0.88 |
0.38 |
- |
2.06 |
|
| Yes, many |
|
1.25 |
0.26 |
- |
6.07 |
|
|
1.63 |
0.32 |
- |
8.33 |
|
|
Well-maintained homes, apartments & gardens |
817 |
|
|
|
|
|
748 |
|
|
|
|
|
| No |
|
1.00 |
Ref. |
|
|
.799 |
|
1.00 |
Ref. |
|
|
.005 |
| Yes, a few |
|
0.82 |
0.43 |
- |
1.55 |
|
|
0.88 |
0.44 |
- |
1.75 |
|
| Yes, many | 0.80 | 0.41 | - | 1.54 | 0.97 | 0.47 | - | 1.99 | ||||
Regression Analyses - (Crude and Adjusted Odds Ratios): Texas 4th grade students, 2008-2010.
†Adjusted for: Socio-demographic - student's ethnicity, any type of public assistance (family), car ownership (family).
‡Questions that were answered by the children (students). Otherwise, questions were answered by parents.
Boldface type indicates there was a significant difference with the reference group at 95 percent confidence interval in the adjusted model.