SDS–PAGE of purification of recombinant CbHBD protein. Lane 1 shows molecular-weight markers (labelled in kDa). Lanes 2–11 show the purification procedure of CbHBD using Ni–NTA chromatography. Lane 2, whole cell extract; lanes 3 and 4, pellet fraction and supernatant after centrifugation of the whole cell extract, respectively; lane 5, flowthrough from Ni–NTA column; lanes 6–10, wash with 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 mM imidazole, respectively; lane 11, elution with 300 mM imidazole. Eluted CbHBD protein with a 6×His tag at the C-terminus is indicated on the right side of the gel.