Table 1.
Socio-demographic and health characteristics of pre-diabetes patients (n = 268)
| Characteristics | n (%) |
|---|---|
|
Age in years, mean (SD) |
52.5 (8.3) |
|
Gender |
|
| Male |
96 (35.8) |
| Female |
172 (64.2) |
|
Ethnicity |
|
| Malay |
223 (83.2) |
| Indian |
23 (8.6) |
| Chinese |
22 (8.2) |
|
Marital status |
|
| Unmarried/divorced/widowed |
33 (12.3) |
| Married |
235 (87.7) |
|
Education level |
|
| Primary |
50 (18.7) |
| Secondary |
174 (64.9) |
| Tertiary |
44 (16.4) |
|
Employment status |
|
| Unemployed/retired/homemaker |
145 (54.1) |
| Employed |
123 (45.9) |
|
Monthly household income |
|
| Low (MYR <1500) |
123 (45.9) |
| Moderate (MYR 1501-3500) |
95 (35.4) |
| High (MYR > 3500) |
50 (18.7) |
|
Family history of diabetes |
|
| No |
125 (46.6) |
| Yes |
143 (53.4) |
|
Diagnosis of prediabetes |
|
| IFG |
126 (47.0) |
| IGT |
29 (10.8) |
| Both |
113 (42.2) |
|
Co-morbidities |
|
| No reported co-morbidities |
32 (11.9) |
| Hypertension |
126 (47.0) |
| Dyslipidemia |
13 (4.9) |
| Hypertension, Dyslipidemia & Muskuloskeletal disease |
97 (36.2) |
|
Body Mass Index (BMI) |
|
| BMI in kg/m2, mean (SD) |
30.1(4.8) |
| Normal weight (18.5 – 22.9 kg/m2) |
19 (7.1) |
| Overweight (23.0 - 27.4 kg/m2) |
58 (21.6) |
| Obese (≥ 27.5 kg/m2) |
191 (71.3) |
|
Smoking |
|
| No |
226 (84.3) |
| Yes |
42 (15.7) |
|
Alcohol |
|
| No |
247 (92.2) |
| Yes |
21 (7.8) |
|
Physical Activity (PA) |
|
| Total MET-minutes/week, mean (SD) |
625.3 (480.8) |
| Non-active |
163 (60.8) |
| Active | 105 (39.2) |
Notes: Data are presented as mean (standard deviation) for continuous variables and frequency (%) for categorical variables.
IFG: Impaired Fasting Glucose, IGT: Impaired Glucose Tolerance. MYR: Malaysian Ringgit. Classification from Department of Statistics Malaysia (currency conversion: 1.00 USD = MYR 3.07).