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. 2014 Apr 4;9(4):e92015. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092015

Table 3. Association between variables and HIV acquisition by Gender, Rakai, Uganda 2003–2011: Unadjusted analyses.

Men Women
Characteristic Relative Hazard 95% CI p-value RelativeHazard 95% CI P-value
Age (linear, years) 1.27 1.05–1.44 0.002 0.98 0.96–0.99 0.001
Age (squared) 99.51 99.24–99.79 0.001 - - -
Marriage
Monogamous 1 - - 1 -
Polygamous 1.38 0.90–2.12 0..140 1.01 0.79–1.52 0.569
Separated 2.42 1.47–3.98 0.001 2.73 2.05–3.63 <0.001
Never married 1.38 1.03–1.86 0.034 2.23 1.68–2.96 <0.001
Education
Primary/None 1 - - 1 -
Post-primary 0.55 0.40–0.77 <0.001 0.88 0.69–1.11 0.284
Recent migration to community 1.12 0.79–1.59 0.522 1.50 1.20–1.88 <0.001
Community type
Village 1 1
Trading center 1.81 1.33–2.45 <0.001 1.24 0.96–1.62 0.102
Number of sexual partners
1 1 - - 1 - -
2 1.36 1.00–1.86 0.053
2+ - - - 3.96 2.99–5.25 <0.001
3+ 2.71 1.97–3.72 <0.001 - - -
New sex partner 1.53 1.17–2.00 0.002 2.56 2.06–3.19 <0.001
Transactional sex 2.21 1.21–4.05 0.010 2.82 1.05–7.55 0.040
Casual sex 1.44 0.99–2.08 0.055 2.61 1.39–4.91 0.003
Frequency of condom use
Always 1 - - 1 - -
Sometimes 1.20 0.81–1.78 0.363 1.25 0.83–1.88 0.276
Never 0.75 0.50–1.12 0.157 0.60 0.41–0.89 0.011
Concurrency 1.61 1.24–2.09 <0.001 4.26 3.07–5.93 <0.001
Alcohol use before sex 1.46 1.12–1.89 0.005 1.38 1.12–1.71 0.003
Perception of exposure to HIV 1.70 1.30–2.23 <0.001 1.75 1.42–2.16 <0.001
Genital ulcers 2.31 1.68–3.19 <0.001 1.96 1.49–2.56 <0.001
VCT in last 12 months 0.83 0.62–1.09 0.179 0.74 0.59–0.92 0.007
Circumcision .56 0.39–0.82 0.003 - - -
Use of hormonal contraception - - - 1.06 0.88–1.29 0.518
Partner of unknown HIV status 2.18 1.48–3.21 <0.001 1.44 1.09–1.90 0.011
High risk employment 1.17 0.89–1.52 0.262 1.65 1.26–2.16 <0.001
Partner in high risk employment 2.53 1.83–3.50 <0.001 1.09 0.88–1.35 0.425
Community HIV prevalence 1.05 1.01–1.08 0.003 1.04 1.01–1.07 0.002