Figure 4. DH-PS elicited the productions of cytokines and chemokines in human CD14⁺cells.

Human CD14⁺cells isolated from three healthy donors were cultured (1×10⁶ cells/ml) with DH-PS (50 μg/ml) or PBS as control for 18 hrs. Supernatants were harvested for the measurements of cytokines and chemokines. Y-axis represented the mean concentrations (Conc.) of cytokines/chemokines with error bars showing the standard deviation of triplicate. Statistically significant difference: * compared with PBS-treated group, p<0.05. # compared with PBS-treated group, p<0.005.