Table 2.
Relationship between FI and other dimensions of socio-economic position among 572 sexually active women living in farming households, Tanzania, 2010
| Characteristic | Household food security among female heads of household (N = 266) |
Household food security among women in male-headed households (n = 306)a |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Food secure |
Some FI |
Severe FI |
Food secure |
Some FI |
Severe FI |
|||||||
| N | (%)b | N | (%) | N | (%) | N | (%)b | N | (%) | N | (%) | |
| Total | 177 | (66.5) | 49 | (18.4) | 40 | (15.0) | 210 | (68.6) | 37 | (12.1) | 59 | (19.3) |
| Monthly per capita expenditures (TZS) | ||||||||||||
| 1st quartile | 45 | (60.8) | 16 | (21.6) | 13 | (17.6) | 44 | (63.8) | 13 | (18.8) | 12 | (17.4) |
| 2nd quartile | 55 | (69.6) | 15 | (19.0) | 9 | (11.4) | 45 | (70.3) | 8 | (12.5) | 11 | (17.2) |
| 3rd quartile | 38 | (67.9) | 12 | (21.4) | 6 | (10.7) | 58 | (66.7) | 10 | (11.5) | 19 | (21.8) |
| 4th quartile | 39 | (68.4) | 6 | (10.5) | 12 | (21.1) | 63 | (73.3) | 6 | (7.0) | 17 | (19.8) |
| Pearson χ2 | 6.23, p = 0.40 | 5.65, p = 0.46 | ||||||||||
| CMH χ2,c | 0.12, p = 0.73 | 0.11, p = 0.74 | ||||||||||
| Asset index | ||||||||||||
| 1st quartile | 55 | (64.0) | 16 | (18.6) | 15 | (17.4) | 32 | (56.1) | 10 | (17.5) | 15 | (26.3) |
| 2nd quartile | 51 | (61.4) | 20 | (24.1) | 12 | (14.5) | 31 | (51.7) | 11 | (18.3) | 18 | (30.0) |
| 3rd quartile | 41 | (70.7) | 10 | (17.2) | 7 | (12.1) | 54 | (63.5) | 12 | (14.1) | 19 | (22.4) |
| 4th quartile | 30 | (76.9) | 3 | (7.7) | 6 | (15.4) | 93 | (89.4) | 4 | (3.8) | 7 | (6.7) |
| Fisher’s exact test | p = 0.44 | p < 0.01 | ||||||||||
| CMH χ2,c | 1.64, p = 0.20 | 22.56, p < 0.01 | ||||||||||
| Flooring materiald | ||||||||||||
| Earth, mud, straw | 130 | (65.7) | 33 | (16.7) | 35 | (17.7) | 118 | (58.7) | 33 | (16.4) | 50 | (24.9) |
| Concrete | 44 | (67.7) | 16 | (24.6) | 5 | (7.7) | 90 | (87.4) | 4 | (3.9) | 9 | (8.7) |
| Fisher’s exact test | p = 0.08 | p < 0.01 | ||||||||||
| Land ownership | ||||||||||||
| Owns land alone | 67 | (59.3) | 22 | (19.5) | 24 | (21.2) | 11 | (64.7) | 4 | (23.5) | 2 | (11.8) |
| Owns land jointly | 90 | (70.3) | 23 | (18.0) | 15 | (11.7) | 169 | (70.7) | 20 | (8.4) | 50 | (20.9) |
| Does not own land | 20 | (80.0) | 4 | (16.0) | 1 | (4.0) | 30 | (60.0) | 13 | (26.0) | 7 | (14.0) |
| Fisher’s exact test | p = 0.11 | p < 0.01 | ||||||||||
TZS Tanzanian shilling, NA not applicable
a
Household food security, expenditures, and assets were reported by the male household head. Land ownership was reported by women
b
Row percentages shown in table
c
Cochran-Mantel–Haenszel χ2 with integer scores
d
The “other” category of flooring types was excluded due to small numbers