Table 2.
Traditional uses, chemical constituents and biological activities of medicinal plants from Hamedan district, Iran
| Species | Biological activities | Previously isolated compounds | Traditional uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alhagi camelorum | Antidiarrheal (12), antinociceptive (13), antiulcerogenic (14), gastro protective (15), ureteral stone expulsion (16) | Kampferol, chrysoeriol, isohamnetin, chrysoeriol-7-o-xyloside, kaempferol-3-galacto rhamnoside, iso hamnetin 3-o-ß-D-apio-furanosyl (1-2) ß-D-galactopyranoside (14) alhagitin, alhagidin (17), ferulic acid, isorhamnetin, 5- hydroxymaltol (18), ß-phenethylamine, N-methyl-ß-phenethylamine, N-methyl- tyramine, hordenine, 3:4- dihydroxy-ß-phenethyltrimethylammonium hydroxide, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-ß-phenethyltrimethyl ammonium hydroxide, N-methyl mescaline, solsolidine (19) | Gastrointestinal disorders (8, 9), diuretic, wound healing, fever with rash, rheumatic pain (20) |
| Centaurea aucheri | Antioxidant (21) | Caryophyllene oxide, ß-caryophyllene, germacrene-D (22) | - |
| Centaurea pseudoscabiosa | Antibacterial (23) | chrysin, baicalein 6-methyl ether, protocatechuic acid, 5-caffeoyl quinic acid, hispidulin, chrysin 7-O-glucuronide, chrysin 7-O-glucuronide methyl ester, chrysin 6-C-glucoside, chrysin 8-C-glucoside, luteolin 7-glucoside, pinocembrin 7-O-α-arabinopyranosiyl-(1→2)-β-glucopyranoside, chrysin 7-O-β galactopyranuronoside, baicalein 6-methylether-7-O-β-galactopyranuronoside, scopoletin (24) germacrene_D, β-caryophyllene, biocyclogermacrene, β-sesquiphellandrene (25) | Skin ailments (23) |
| Cerasus microcarpa | - | Alkaloide, tannin (26) | Carminative, cure for pains of digestive system(8) |
| Primula auriculata | Antibacterial, antioxidant (27) | Saponin, flavonoid (27) | Flu and sneezing (28), eye diseases, anti-infection, cataract, trachoma (29) |
| Silene ampulata | - | - | Insect repellent(8) |
| Silen peduncularis | - | - | Insect repellent(8) |
| Smyrniopsis aucheri | antibacterial, antifungal (30) | α-bisabolol (31), pcymene, caryophyllene oxide, spathulenol (32), smyrindiol, smyrinol, smyrindioloside (33), smyriniodidin (34),α-pinene, β-pinene, nachsmyrin (30) | - |
| Stachys lavandifolia | Gastroprotective (35), wound healing (36) , analgesic and antiinflammation (37), anxiolytic (38), antimicrobial (39), abortive effect (40) | α-thujene, α-pinene, β-myrcene, β-phellandrene, germacrene-D, cadinene, 1,4-methano-1 H-indene, γ-elemene benzaldehyde (41), apigenin, luteolin (42), lavandulifolioside A, lavandulifolioside B, verbascoside, leucosceptoside A, 5-O-β-allopyranosyloxy-aucubin (43) | Skin infection, menorrhagia, antibacterial (44, 45),gastrointestinal and respiratory disorder (46-48), wound healing, cardiac disorders, fever and malaria (49) |
| Thymus pubescens | Antioxidant (50), antibacterial (51) analgesic and anti-inflammatory (52) | carvacrol, thymol, γ-terpinene, ρ-cymen (53) | gastrointestinal disorder (54), herpes, lung infection and skin problem (55) |
| Tripleurospermum disiforme | Anti-ulcer (56), antibacterial (57),anti-inflammatory, analgesic (58), antioxidant (59), antifungal (60) | Flavonoid (61), β-farensene, β-sesquiphellandrene, ρ-methoxy-β-cyclopropylstyrene,heptadecane, ρ-methoxy-humulene oxide and benzene acetaldehyde (57) | Antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory, Acne and Itching (61) |