Table 1.
Results of one-way ANOVA and descriptive statistics of the inhibitions of honeys, ginger extracts, and honey-ginger extracts mixtures on the test bacteria isolates.
| Agents | Test organisms | N | Mean | Standard deviation | Minimum | Maximum |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Honey* | Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) | 6 | 22.50 | 1.64 | 21.00 | 24.00 |
| Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) | 6 | 15.50 | 1.517 | 13.00 | 17.00 | |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae(R) | 6 | 16.00 | 0.63 | 15.00 | 17.00 | |
| Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) | 6 | 23.00 | 1.27 | 21.00 | 24.00 | |
| Escherichia coli (R) | 6 | 19.17 | 1.33 | 18.00 | 21.00 | |
| Total | 30 | 19.23 | 3.42 | 13.00 | 24.00 | |
|
| ||||||
| Extract* | Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) | 6 | 22.50 | 1.64 | 21.00 | 24.00 |
| Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) | 6 | 15.50 | 1.52 | 13.00 | 17.00 | |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae (R) | 6 | 16.00 | 0.63 | 15.00 | 17.00 | |
| Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) | 6 | 23.00 | 1.26 | 21.00 | 24.00 | |
| Escherichia coli (R) | 6 | 19.17 | 1.33 | 18.00 | 21.00 | |
| Total | 30 | 19.23 | 3.42 | 13.00 | 24.00 | |
|
| ||||||
| Mixture* | Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) | 12 | 28.25 | 1.14 | 27.00 | 30.00 |
| Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) | 12 | 24.92 | 1.56 | 22.00 | 27.00 | |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae (R) | 12 | 22.50 | 1.57 | 19.00 | 25.00 | |
| Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) | 12 | 27.92 | 1.38 | 26.00 | 30.00 | |
| Escherichia coli (R) | 12 | 24.50 | 0.90 | 23.00 | 26.00 | |
| Total | 60 | 25.62 | 2.55 | 19.00 | 30.00 | |
|
| ||||||
| Methicillin* | Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) | 3 | 12.00 | 2.55 | 11.00 | 13.00 |
| Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) | 3 | 0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae (R) | 3 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | |
| Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) | 3 | 8.00 | 0.00 | 7.00 | 9.00 | |
| Escherichia coli (R) | 3 | 0.00 | 1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | |
| Total | 12 | 4.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 13.00 | |
|
| ||||||
| Amoxicillin* | Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) | 3 | 21.00 | 5.26 | 20.00 | 22.00 |
| Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) | 3 | 10.00 | 1.00 | 9.00 | 11.00 | |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae (R) | 3 | — | 1.00 | — | — | |
| Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) | 3 | 10.00 | — | 10.00 | 10.00 | |
| Escherichia coli (R) | 3 | 8.00 | 0.00 | 7.00 | 9.00 | |
| Total | 12 | 12.25 | 1.00 | 7.00 | 22.00 | |
|
| ||||||
| Penicillin* | Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) | 3 | 20.00 | 5.40 | 19.50 | 20.50 |
| Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) | 3 | 13.00 | 0.50 | 12.00 | 14.00 | |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae (R) | 3 | — | 1.00 | — | — | |
| Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) | 3 | 10.00 | — | 9.00 | 11.00 | |
| Escherichia coli (R) | 3 | 10.00 | 1.00 | 9.50 | 10.50 | |
| Total | 12 | 13.25 | 0.50 | 9.00 | 20.50 | |
| 4.32 | ||||||
*The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.