Table 2. Odds ratios of BMI or height for cIMT^a at 60-64 years in the upper quartile versus lower three quartiles: estimates from logistic regression models stratified by anthropometric exposure and sex.

	Male			Female			Male and female
	Nb	~1 SD	OR (95% CI) P-value	Nb	~1 SD	OR (95% CI) P-value	P-value for Z-score-by-sexc
Weight Z-scored
Zwt0yr	147/456	0.5 kg	0.938 (0.769, 1.144) 0.5	164/502	0.5 kg	0.977 (0.803, 1.190) 0.8	0.8
BMI Z-scored
Zbmi2yr	118/357	2.3 kg/m2	1.137 (0.918, 1.408) 0.2	130/390	2.3 kg/m2	1.106 (0.901, 1.357) 0.3	0.8
Zbmi4yr	126/403	1.7 kg/m2	1.256 (1.026, 1.538) 0.03	150/431	1.6 kg/m2	0.992 (0.818, 1.204) 0.9	0.1
Zbmi6yr	113/356	1.3 kg/m2	1.189 (0.956, 1.479) 0.1	129/406	1.4 kg/m2	0.954 (0.774, 1.176) 0.7	0.2
Zbmi7yr	115/374	1.2 kg/m2	0.989 (0.787, 1.245) 0.9	129/423	1.5 kg/m2	0.881 (0.720, 1.078) 0.2	0.5
Zbmi11yr	123/363	2.0 kg/m2	1.058 (0.863, 1.297) 0.6	136/422	2.4 kg/m2	0.941 (0.772, 1.147) 0.5	0.4
Zbmi15yr	109/357	2.3 kg/m2	1.204 (0.958, 1.512) 0.1	125/386	2.7 kg/m2	0.947 (0.762, 1.176) 0.6	0.1
Zbmi20yr	113/372	2.3 kg/m2	1.282 (1.022, 1.609) 0.03	141/432	2.7 kg/m2	1.036 (0.847, 1.267) 0.7	0.2
Zbmi60-64yr	146/450	3.7 kg/m2	1.373 (1.114, 1.692) 0.03	166/500	4.7 kg/m2	1.114 (0.921, 1.349) 0.3	0.1
Height Z-scored
Zht2yr	120/371	4.9 cm	0.890 (0.718, 1.102) 0.3	140/401	4.5 cm	0.998 (0.815, 1.222) >0.9	0.4
Zht4yr	127/406	4.9 cm	0.780 (0.631, 0.964) 0.02	152/439	4.8 cm	0.982 (0.805, 1.198) 0.9	0.1
Zht6yr	120/375	5.1 cm	0.874 (0.706, 1.082) 0.2	135/420	5.0 cm	1.072 (0.870, 1.320) 0.5	0.2
Zht7yr	117/388	5.3 cm	0.950 (0.766, 1.178) 0.6	136/437	5.4 cm	1.061 (0.864, 1.301) >0.6	0.5
Zht11yr	124/367	6.6 cm	1.039 (0.841, 1.283) 0.7	139/425	6.9 cm	1.006 (0.825, 1.226) >0.9	0.8
Zht15yr	112/362	8.8 cm	1.022 (0.826, 1.265) 0.8	125/392	5.8 cm	0.925 (0.746, 1.148) 0.5	0.5
Zht36yr	135/409	6.5 cm	0.894 (0.733, 1.090) 0.3	157/454	5.7 cm	1.087 (0.893, 1.324) 0.4	0.2
Zht60-64yr	146/450	6.5 cm	0.885 (0.733, 1.069) 0.1	166/500	5.7 cm	1.055 (0.879, 1.265) 0.6	0.2

cIMT carotid intima-media thickness; BMI body mass index; OR odds ratio; CI confidence interval; SD standard deviation

^acIMT was taken as the average of six repeat measurements (three on the left hand side of the body and three on the right hand side of the body) at the lateral view of the common carotid artery. Sex-stratified centiles were used to create the two groups (i.e., upper quartile and lower three quartiles).

^bN in upper quartile / N in lower three quartiles (of carotid intima-media thickness).

^cFrom logistic regression models including Z-score, sex (referent: male), and Z-score by-sex.

^dZ-scores were created internally using the LMS method, stratified by sex and age (0-5, 6-15, 20-64 years).