Table 3.
Relationship Between Smoking Status, Body Mass Index (BMI), and Breast Feeding
| Predictor variable | OR | 95% CI | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Main effects modela | |||
| Smoking status | |||
| Smoker | ref | ||
| Abstainer | 3.02 | 2.09–4.36 | <.001 |
| Prepregnancy BMI | |||
| Overweight/obese | ref | ||
| Normal/underweight | 2.07 | 1.37–3.12 | <.001 |
| Interaction modela | |||
| Simple effects of smoking status | |||
| Overweight/obese | |||
| Smoker | ref | ||
| Abstainer | 1.89 | 1.11–3.23 | .02 |
| Normal/underweight | |||
| Smoker | ref | ||
| Abstainer | 4.58 | 2.73–7.66 | <.001 |
| Simple effects of BMI | |||
| Smokers | |||
| Overweight/obese | ref | ||
| Normal/underweight | 1.46 | 0.88–2.44 | .15 |
| Abstainers | |||
| Overweight/obese | ref | ||
| Normal/underweight | 3.53 | 1.96–6.37 | <.001 |
Note. aAdjusted for education and marital status. OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval.