Table 3.
Association of individual, household and health service factors with institutional delivery
| Characteristics | Home (n = 83) | Institution (n = 157) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value | AOR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parity | ||||||
| Multiparous |
54 |
80 |
Ref. |
|||
| Primiparous |
29 |
77 |
0.036 |
1.79 (1.03-3.1) |
0.664 |
1.17 (0.58-2.36) |
| Literacy status (mother) | ||||||
| Illiterate |
37 |
35 |
Ref. |
|||
| Literate |
46 |
122 |
<0.001 |
2.8 (1.58-4.97) |
0.476 |
1.34 (0.6-2.98) |
| Literacy status (father) | ||||||
| Illiterate |
34 |
3 |
Ref. |
|||
| Literate |
152 |
51 |
0.02 |
3.8 (1.12-12.91) |
0.673 |
0.81 (0.31-2.15) |
| Occupation (mother) | ||||||
| Agriculture/Labour |
79 |
139 |
Ref. |
|||
| Business/Service |
4 |
18 |
0.09 |
2.56 (0.84-7.82) |
0.982 |
0.98 (0.25-3.82) |
| Occupation (husband) | ||||||
| Agriculture/Labour |
68 |
93 |
Ref. |
|||
| Business/Service |
15 |
64 |
<0.001 |
3.12 (1.64-5.94) |
0.349 |
1.48 (0.65-3.36) |
| Wealth quintile | ||||||
| First quintile (Poor) |
24 |
24 |
Ref. |
|||
| 2 |
13 |
35 |
0.023 |
2.69 (1.15-6.31) |
0.229 |
1.89 (0.67-5.34) |
| 3 |
15 |
33 |
0.063 |
2.2 (0.96-5.06) |
0.936 |
1.04 (0.37-2.93) |
| 4 |
15 |
33 |
0.063 |
2.2 (0.96-5.06) |
0.832 |
1.13 (0.37-3.43) |
| Fifth quintile (least poor) |
16 |
32 |
0.1 |
2.0 (0.88-4.56) |
0.184 |
0.48 (0.17-1.41) |
| Women’s autonomy | ||||||
| Low |
32 |
48 |
Ref. |
|||
| Medium |
32 |
48 |
1 |
1.0 (0.53-1.88) |
0.542 |
0.78 (0.36-1.71) |
| High |
19 |
61 |
0.029 |
2.14 (1.08-4.23) |
0.641 |
1.23 (0.51-3.0) |
| Ethnicity group | ||||||
| Underprivileged |
74 |
95 |
Ref. |
|||
| Privileged |
9 |
62 |
<0.001 |
5.37 (2.5-11.5) |
0.001 |
4.34 (1.79-10.5) |
| Experience of adverse pregnancy outcome | ||||||
| No |
56 |
140 |
|
|||
| Yes |
27 |
17 |
<0.001 |
0.25 (0.18-0.5) |
0.024 |
0.37 (0.16-0.88) |
| Time to reach institution | ||||||
| > 60 minutes |
26 |
20 |
Ref. |
|||
| < 60 minutes |
57 |
137 |
0.001 |
3.12 (1.61-0.04) |
0.029 |
2.46 (1.1-5.52) |
| Antenatal care visits | ||||||
| < 4 times |
33 |
16 |
Ref. |
|||
| ≥4 times | 50 | 141 | <0.001 | 5.82 (2.95-11.46) | <0.001 | 6.67 (2.8-15.93) |