. 2014 Apr 7;9(4):e94030. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094030

Table 4. Summary of mean (±SD) maximum uptake rates (V_max, ×10⁻³ h⁻¹) and half saturation constants (k_s, μmol N L⁻¹) for ammonium (NH₄ ⁺), nitrate (NO₃ ⁻), urea and amino acid (glutamic acid (glu), glutamate (gln), glycine (gly) or amino acid mixture) uptake by HAB dinoflagellate species.

Species	Experiment type	NO₃ ⁻		NH₄ ⁺		urea		amino acids		Reference
		V_max	k_s	V_max	k_s	V_max	k_s	V_max	k_s
Heterosigma akashiwo	Culture	18.0±1.08	1.47±0.25	28.0±2.17	1.44±0.35	2.89±0.24	0.42±0.16	-	-	[52]
Prymnesium parvum	Culture	-	-	-	-	-	-	10.5–13.1	0.09–0.10	[62] ^b
Prorocentrum minimum	Culture	-	-	46–65	1.2–4.6	3E-01–8E-01	0.05–5.4	4–7	0.48–3.54	[63] ^c
Prorocentrum minimum	Culture	95.8±5.5–341.2±90.7	0.68±0.23–23.3.0±11.1	1070±120.5–±88.7	2.48±0.8–6.23±0.47	149.2±12.3–480.5±13.4	0.86±0.16–1.82±0.59	271.6±35.6 517.1±125.8	14.1±6.8–22.6±9.9	[55] ^{a, d}
Prorocentrum minimum (Choptank River)	Field	18.4±4.3–53.8±5.7	1.4±0.2–7.1±5.5	327±172.5–868.6±159	2.4±0.3–9.8±2.6	38.2±16.9–492.6±71.5	6.6±4.0–17.9±5.1	84.2±12.9–1516±134	4.8±2.3–26.6±4.1	[55] ^{a, d}
Prorocentrum donghaiense	Culture (NO₃ ⁻ deplete)	34.4±0.9	1.3±0.1	66.9±6.0	5.3±1.1	44.7±0.4	0.13±0.01	32.6±1.0	9.9±0.9	This study ^a
Prorocentrum donghaiense	Culture (NO₃ ⁻ replete)	-	-	74.7±3.4	7.1±0.4	39.7±0.2	0.12±0.01	31.4±0.4	12.5±0.1	This study ^a
Prorocentrum donghaiense dominant	Field	-	-	700	3.9	17.0	5.3	25	1.8	[16] ^c
Karenia mikimotoi	Field	18.0	43.6	500	4.9	20.0	1.4	11	1.7	[16] ^c
Alexandrium minutum	Culture	0.29±0.01–0.70	0.22±0.02–0.28±0.06	0.65±0.01–1.49	0.25±0.04–0.38±0.04	-	-	-	-	[58] ^e
Alexandrium catenella	Culture	3–47	0.6–28.1	26.0±2.0	2.0±0.6	25±8	28.4±15.0	-	-	[66]
Alexandrium catenella	Field	-	-	14.9±0.8	2.52±0.36	3.5±0.2	0.65±0.12	-	-	[39]
Alexandrium catenella	Field	24±2	4.6±1.1	64±5	8.4±1.7	61±8	43.9±8.8	-	-	[66]
Dinophysis acuminata	Field	3.5±0.2	0.79±0.26	13.9±0.2	0.67±0.06	6.2±0.6	0.53±0.22	-	-	[39]
Lingulodinium polyedrum	Field	22.4	0.47	47.1	0.59	61.6	0.99	-	-	[65]
Cochlodinium spp.	Field	0.9±0.0	1.0±0.4	-	-	1.9±0.1–2.2±0.3	1.6±0.2–6.6±2.0	-	-	[67]
Mixed dinoflagellate assemblages (Neuse Estuary)	Field	4.0±1.6	0.5±0.1	52.9±1.7	4.9±0.5	5.8±0.5	0.4±0.1	2.3±0.5	2.3±1.7	[55] ^{a, d}

The ^a, ^b and ^c indicate that an algal amino acid mixture, glutamic acid (glu) or glycine (gly) used as N substrates, respectively. The ^d and ^{e f} indicate the units are fmol N cell⁻¹ h⁻¹ and pmol N cell⁻¹ h⁻¹, respectively.