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. 2014 Apr 7;9(4):e94146. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094146

Figure 1. Endotoxin-induced fibroblast-like morphology in endothelial cells.

Figure 1

(A–F) Morphological changes in human ECs resembling fibroblast. Figures show representative phase-contrast images from at least three separates experiments of non-transfected ECs exposed to vehicle (A), 20 μg/mL LPS for 24 h (B), 20 μg/mL LPS for 48 h (C), 20 μg/mL LPS for 72 h (D), 2.5 ng/mL TGF-β1 (E), 2.5 ng/mL TGF-β2, (F). Bar scale represents 50 μm. (G) Endothelial cell length distribution of cells exposed to vehicle (filled bars), 20 μg/mL LPS for 72 h (empty bars), 2.5 ng/mL TGF-β1 (dashed bars), and 2.5 ng/mL TGF-β2, (dashed bars). N = 3-6. (H) Endothelial cell length in which length/width >2, for cells exposed to vehicle, 20 μg/mL LPS for 72 h, 2.5 ng/mL TGF-β1, and 2.5 ng/mL TGF-β2. Statistical differences were assessed by a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) (Kruskal–Wallis) followed by Dunn's post hoc test. **: p<0.01 against the vehicle-treated condition. Graph bars show the mean ± SD (N = 3-6).