TABLE 1.
Distributions of individual- and census-tract level characteristics at baseline and over time in a sample of 172 African-American adults relocating from public housing complexes in Atlanta, GA
| Characteristic of participants and census tracts | Wave 1 % (N) or Mean (SD) N (171a) | Wave 2 % (N) or mean (SD) (N = 163) | Wave 3 % (N) or mean (SD) (N = 160) | Wave 4 % (N) or mean (SD) (N = 156) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Participant characteristics | ||||
| Gender | ||||
| Womanb | 57.0 % (98) | 58.9 % (96) | 58.1 % (93) | 57.7 % (90) |
| Man | 43.0 % (74) | 41.1 % (67) | 41.9 % (67) | 42.3 % (66) |
| Age (years) | 42.8 (13.9) | 43.8 (13.8) | 45.0 (13.9) | 46.1 (13.7) |
| Married or living as married | 8.7 % (16) | 9.8 % (16) | 8.8 % (14) | 8.3 % (13) |
| Employed | 10.5 % (18) | 9.3 % (15) | 9.4 % (15) | 9.7 % (15) |
| Annual household income | $9,849.40 ($8,732.99) | $10,473.86 ($9,655.89) | $11,217.11 ($9,533.78) | $9,966.22 ($9,137.36) |
| Homeless | 0 % (0) | 4 % (7) | 5 % (8) | 6 % (10) |
| HIV positive (self report) | 8.8 % (15) | 9.9 % (16) | 8.8 % (14) | 10.26 % (16) |
| Self-rated health | 1.85 (1.01) | 1.87 (1.03) | 1.73 (1.09) | 1.92 (1.04) |
| Binge drinking twice or more (30-day reporting period) | 38 % (63) | 26 % (41) | 28 % (44) | 19 % (29) |
| Use of illicit drugs weekly or more (6 months reporting period) | 30 % (50) | 25 % (40) | 19 % (30) | 19 % (29) |
| Met screening criteria for dependence on alcohol or other drugs (6-month reporting period) | 21 % (36) | 11 % (18) | 9 % (14) | 9 % (14) |
| Moved to a new census tract since the last wave | – | 96 % (156) | 33 % (53) | 28 % (43) |
| Perceived community violence | 2.75 (2.19) | 0.62 (1.11) | 0.70 (1.22) | 0.61 (1.02) |
| Depressive symptoms score | ||||
| Overall | 23.8 (9.3) | 15.5 (11.1) | 14.7 (10.2) | 14.7 (11.0) |
| Women | 26.0 (9.5) | 16.7 (10.8) | 17.2 (16.3) | 16.3 (11.2) |
| Men | 21.0 (8.1) | 13.7 (11.1) | 11.4 (8.7) | 12.7 (10.5) |
| Census tract characteristics | ||||
| Median household income | $15,809.9 ($4482.6) | $33,476.0 ($15,788.3) | $33,784.5 ($16,020.0) | $33,804.8 ($16,245.0) |
| Poverty rate | 46.1 % (9.6) | 30.2 % (11.8) | 30.1 % (12.0) | 30.0 % (12.6) |
| Percent of adults (≥25 years) with a high school diploma | 67.1 % (13.4) | 49.1 % (17.6) | 48.8 % (17.9) | 48.6 % (18.1) |
| Violent crime rate (per 1,000) | 35.6 (15.8) | 20.7 (14.7) | 20.7 (14.4) | 21.5 (15.7) |
| Density of alcohol outlets per square mile | 9.3 (8.0) | 6.4 (5.0) | 6.4 (5.1) | 6.7 (5.8) |
| Economic disadvantage component | 0.82 (0.54) | −0.29 (0.94) | −0.31 (0.96) | −0.32 (0.99) |
| Social disorder component | 0.35 (1.32) | −0.16 (0.79) | −0.16 (0.77) | −0.08 (0.88) |
aBaseline data were lost for one participant, so the baseline N = 171, though 172 individuals were in the cohort
bWomen included three individuals who were transgendered (male to female)