Figure 3.

Time of training does not affect learning or immediate memory. Wild-type flies entrained to a 12-12 light-dark schedule were trained at either ZT16 or ZT20 with (A) a single trial of paired olfactory conditioning or (B) 10x spaced olfactory conditioning (n = 8 for all groups). Animals were tested immediately after training, and performance is presented as experimental means with error bars representing SEM. Flies trained with a single trial at ZT16 and ZT20 show statistically similar learning scores (p = 0.09). Likewise, flies given 10x spaced olfactory conditioning perform similarly (p = 0.8) when tested immediately after training.