Figure 5.

Simulation results using the layered model described in Table 2. (a) Stacked plot of $\tilde{q}\text{NNPS}\left(f\right)$ for three different signal intensities, ηN_γ. Each plot shows the superimposed qNNPS estimates from 20 simulations started with different random seeds. A bias is seen for ηN_γ = 1 (arrow) while the distributions of the plots for ηN_γ = 10 and ηN_γ = 10⁶ are nearly identical and show no bias. (b) Distribution of χ² vs ηN_γ. The circles show expected values from Eq. 20 while the x's show a measured value for each experiment. (c) $\tilde{q}\text{NNPS}$ distribution as a function of the number of flood fields, N_fl, with ηN_γ set to 32. (d) Measured (x) and predicted (o) χ² distributions. Combined, these plots show there is no further value to increasing the number of launched photons per flood image beyond that required to eliminate the bias in the $\tilde{\eta }$ estimate. However, there is significant value to increasing the total number of flood images to reduce noise.