Table 2.
Percent of Racial and Ethnic Groups by Specialty Practicing in Designated Service Areas in Californiaa
| Characteristic | Practice Location Shortage Designation | |
|---|---|---|
| Medically Underserved Area, % | Health Professional Shortage Area, % | |
| Primary careb | ||
| White | 16.5 (15.4–17.2) | 14.0 (13.2–14.7) |
| African American | 31.5 (27.8–35.3) | 21.8 (18.4–25.1) |
| Latino | 25.8 (23.3–28.3) | 24.4 (21.9–26.8) |
| Asian | 19.6 (18.5–20.8) | 14.6 (13.6–15.6) |
| Pacific Islander | 21.8 (19.1–24.6) | 16.4 (13.9–18.9) |
| Other | 22.1 (19.1–24.6) | 19.5 (16.6–22.4) |
| P value | <.001 | <.001 |
| Medical subspecialties | ||
| White | 12.7 (11.5–13.8) | 9.0 (8.1–10.0) |
| African American | 23.4 (15.9–30.9) | 17.7 (11.0–24.5) |
| Latino | 20.8 (15.6–25.9) | 13.1 (8.8–17.5) |
| Asian | 16.6 (14.7–18.4) | 11.3 (9.7–12.9) |
| Pacific Islander | 23.4 (16.2–30.5) | 15.3 (9.3–21.4) |
| Other | 16.1 (11.1–21.2) | 9.6 (5.4–13.6) |
| P value | <.001 | .001 |
| Obstetrics/gynecology | ||
| White | 13.8 (12.1–15.6) | 11.6 (10.0–13.2) |
| African American | 27.3 (20.2–34.5) | 17.3 (11.3–23.4) |
| Latino | 23.5 (17.0–30.0) | 18.1 (12.2–23.9) |
| Asian | 15.9 (12.7–19.0) | 9.4 (6.9–11.9) |
| Pacific Islander | 24.0 (12.0–36.0) | 14.0 (4.3–23.7) |
| Other | 24.7 (15.7–33.7) | 19.1 (10.9–27.3) |
| P value | <.001 | .004 |
| Psychiatry | ||
| White | 15.1 (13.7–16.6) | 10.5 (9.3–11.7) |
| African American | 32.3 (23.1–41.6) | 23.2 (14.9–31.6) |
| Latino | 28.4 (21.4–35.4) | 20.4 (14.1–26.6) |
| Asian | 24.6 (20.8–28.3) | 15.8 (12.6–19.0) |
| Pacific Islander | 26.5 (19.4–33.6) | 21.2 (14.6–27.7) |
| Other | 21.8 (13.7–29.9) | 16.8 (9.5–24.2) |
| P value | <.001 | <.001 |
| Surgery | ||
| White | 13.7 (12.7–14.6) | 10.7 (9.9–11.6) |
| African American | 26.5 (20.4–32.5) | 20.1 (14.6–25.6) |
| Latino | 18.4 (13.7–23.0) | 13.2 (9.2–17.3) |
| Asian | 16.2 (14.2–18.1) | 11.9 (10.2–13.6) |
| Pacific Islander | 23.2 (15.4–31.1) | 23.2 (15.4–31.1) |
| Other | 19.0 (13.1–24.8) | 13.2 (8.1–18.3) |
| P value | <.001 | <.001 |
| Facility-based specialtiesc | ||
| White | 15.1 (13.8–16.3) | 11.1 (10.0–12.2) |
| African American | 19.8 (12.7–27.0) | 16.5 (9.9–23.2) |
| Latino | 18.4 (12.4–24.4) | 16.0 (10.3–21.6) |
| Asian | 17.7 (15.6–19.8) | 11.9 (10.1–13.7) |
| Pacific Islander | 22.4 (15.1–29.7) | 17.6 (10.9–24.3) |
| Other | 14.4 (9.1–19.6) | 13.8 (8.7–18.9) |
| P value | .06 | .04 |
a
P values assessed by χ2 tests.
b
Primary care = family medicine, internal medicine, and pediatrics.
c
Facility-based = anesthesiology, emergency medicine, and radiology.