Figure 1.

GREM1, FRZB and DKK1 expression in healthy cartilage and osteoarthritic cartilage. Relative GREM1, FRZB and DKK1 mRNA expression levels of paired specimens of macroscopically preserved and degenerating osteoarthritic cartilage from a single osteoarthritic joint (n = 23) were assessed by quantitative PCR and were compared with healthy preadolescent (n = 4) and healthy adult (n = 3) articular cartilage specimen. Data expressed as fold-change relative to the specimen with the mRNA expression level on a log scale. *P <0.05. DKK1, dickkopf 1 homolog (Xenopus laevis); FRZB, frizzled-related protein; GADPH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase; GREM1, Gremlin 1; OA, osteoarthritis.