Table 2.
Changes in cognitive and functional abilities during three years of ChEI treatment in mild AD
|
Variable |
2 months |
6 months |
12 months |
18 months |
24 months |
30 months |
36 months |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ( n = 706) | ( n = 662) | ( n = 597) | ( n = 521) | ( n = 450) | ( n = 374) | ( n = 306) | |
| Completion rate (%) |
96.2 |
90.2 |
81.3 |
71.0 |
61.3 |
51.0 |
41.7 |
| MMSE scorea |
24.0 (23.8, 24.2) |
23.5 (23.3, 23.8) |
22.8 (22.5, 23.2) |
22.1 (21.7, 22.5) |
21.4 (20.9, 21.8) |
21.1 (20.5, 21.6) |
20.6 (20.0, 21.2) |
| ADAS-cog (0 to 70) scorea |
|
17.4 (16.8, 18.0) |
18.3 (17.6, 19.0) |
19.5 (18.6, 20.3) |
20.1 (19.1, 21.1) |
21.3 (20.0, 22.7) |
21.7 (20.2, 23.2) |
| IADL scorea |
|
15.8 (15.4, 16.2) |
17.0 (16.6, 17.5) |
17.9 (17.4, 18.5) |
18.8 (18.2, 19.4) |
19.4 (18.7, 20.1) |
19.8 (19.1, 20.6) |
| MMSE score, change from baselinea |
0.61 (0.43, 0.78) |
0.19 (−0.04, 0.42) |
−0.57 (−0.86, −0.28) |
−1.31 (−1.66, −0.96) |
−2.20 (−2.64, −1.77) |
−2.54 (−3.06, −2.02) |
−3.10 (−3.66, −2.54) |
| ADAS-cog (0 to 70) score, change from baselinea |
|
−0.15 (−0.65, 0.34) |
−1.20 (−1.77, −0.63) |
−2.58 (−3.27, −1.90) |
−3.81 (−4.59, −3.03) |
−4.97 (−6.09, −3.85) |
−6.12 (−7.35, −4.89) |
| IADL score, change from baselinea |
|
−1.12 (−1.34, −0.91) |
−2.48 (−2.78, −2.17) |
−3.64 (−4.01, −3.26) |
−4.75 (−5.18, −4.33) |
−5.54 (−6.06, −5.02) |
−6.27 (−6.86, −5.68) |
| MMSE score, improved/unchanged patients (%) |
72.7 |
64.1 |
55.0 |
46.9 |
41.9 |
38.2 |
33.0 |
| ADAS-cog (0 to 70) score, improved/unchanged patients (%) |
|
55.3 |
48.8 |
41.8 |
36.7 |
32.9 |
31.1 |
| IADL score, improved/unchanged patients (%) | 49.7 | 34.2 | 24.3 | 18.0 | 14.8 | 13.8 |
aMean (95% confidence interval).
For clarity, clinical improvements for all scales have been tabulated as positive changes from the start of ChEI treatment (baseline).
ADAS-cog, Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale; ChEI, cholinesterase inhibitor; IADL, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living scale; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination.