Table 1.
Summary of case series of RBD.
| Author/year | N | Age (SD)a | % <50 yearsa |
% Male |
% With neurodegenerative disease |
% With narcolepsy |
% With antidepressant medication |
% Idiopathic |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Schenck 1993 [1] | 96 | 52.4 (16.9) | N/A | 87.5 | 22.9 | 13.5 | 1.0 | 41.7 |
| Sforza 1997 [13] | 52 | Idiopathic 66.2 (2.1)a | N/A | N/A | 73.1b | N/A | N/A | 13 |
| secondary 59.9 (1.2)a | ||||||||
| Olson 2000 [2] | 93 | 60.9 (36–84) | N/A | 87 | 56.6b,c | 4.8c | 15.1 | 36.1c |
| Iranzo 2006 [3] | 44 | 62.6 (7.3) | N/A | 89 | All idiopathic by study inclusion criteria. 45.5% developed neurodegenerative disease; all had late-onset RBD. | |||
| Okura 2007 [4] | 67 | 61.4 (8.8) | N/A | 85.1 | 17.9d | N/A | N/A | N/Ad |
| Wing 2008 [6] | 82 | 62.1 (12.9) | N/A | 82 | 19.5 | 1 | 33e | |
| Lam 2008 [12] | 30f | 40.2 (9.7) | N/A | 43.3f | 0f | N/A | 86.7f | N/A |
| Postuma 2009 [5] | 93 | 65.4 (9.3)a | N/A | 80.6 | All idiopathic by study inclusion criteria. 28.0% developed neurodegenerative disease. | |||
| Bonakis 2009 [8] | 91 | 52.2 (19)a | 42.9a | 68 | 17.6 | 17.6 | 4.4 | 58.2 |
| Early-onset | 39 | 59.0 | 2.6 | 38.5 | 7.7 | 51.3 | ||
| Late-onset | 52 | 75 | 28.8 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 63.5 | ||
| Teman 2009 [9] | 48 | 41.7 | 75 | All idiopathic by study inclusion criteria. | ||||
| Early-onset | 20 | 34.1 (11.5)a | 55.0 | 80.0 | ||||
| Late-onset | 28 | 69.9 (5.7)a | 89.3 | 46.4 | ||||
| Lin 2009 [11] | 70 | 60 (N/A) | N/A | 64.3 | 54.2 | 4.2 | 5.7g | 65.7 |
| Ju 2011 [10] | 115 | 53.7 (16.4)a | 39.1a | 65.2 | ||||
| Early-onset | 45 | 55.6 | 8.9b | 11.1 | 57.8 | 75.6, 40h | ||
| Late-onset | 70 | 71.4 | 38.6b | 8.6 | 38.6 | 50, 31.4h | ||
All case series of RBD are summarized, in order of year of publication. When available, data for early-onset and late-onset cases are separately listed below the aggregate data for the study. N/A = not available in publication. All numbers in brackets indicate reference numbers.
Age of onset of symptoms is shown if reported, otherwise age at diagnosis was reported and is marked with superscript a in the table. Some studies report age of diagnosis rather than age of reported onset; since diagnosis lags behind symptom onset by 4–11 years [2,3,8], there may be some blurring between groups for individuals around age 50).
Includes cases where RBD symptoms preceded neurodegenerative disease. For this table ALS was not counted as a neurodegenerative disease.
Denominator is the 83 patients who underwent neurological exam.
Neurological evaluation was not systematically performed in this series.
This figure is for lifetime psychiatric disease, rather than antidepressant medication exposure.
This series recruited from an outpatient psychiatric clinic where the majority of patients were female. RBD was not polysomnographically confirmed, therefore table displays reported data on those with “RBD-like disorder.”
RBD was reported to be medication-related, but did not specify whether they were antidepressant medications.
First number considers individuals taking antidepressants as idiopathic RBD, and the second number excludes those taking antidepressants.