HIV-2 Vpx represses TLR-mediated IL6, IL12p40, and TNFα induction. THP-1 cells transduced with an empty lentiviral vector or the vector encoding HIV-2 vpx (A and B) were treated with TLR ligands for various times as indicated, and then total RNA was isolated, and mRNA levels were measured by qRT-PCR of IL6, IL12p40, and TNFα (A) or FLIP or IκBα and β-actin (as an internal control) (B). Each mRNA induction was calculated based on untreated THP-1 cells. Each RT-PCR was run in triplicate. Data are shown as one representative example of three independent experiments, and values are mean ± S.D.