Expression of Vpx reduces production of IL6, IL12, and TNFα induced by LPS, R848, or ODN2216 in THP-1 cells. THP-1 cells transduced with either an empty lentiviral vector or the vector encoding HIV-2 Vpx were mock-stimulated (control) or stimulated with TLR ligands for 24 h, and IL6, IL12, or TNFα in the medium were measured by ELISA.