Table 1.
Baseline clinical, echocardiographic and CMR characteristics
| Healthy volunteers | Aortic stenosis | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical | |||
| Males, n (%) | 10 (50) | 10 (50) | 1.00 |
| Median age, years (IQR) | 55 (22, 65) | 71 (53, 75) | <0.01 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 0 | 12 (60) | – |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 0 | 3 (15) | – |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 0 | 4 (20) | – |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 140 ± 12 | 153 ± 25 | 0.05 |
| Heart rate, beats/min | 67 ± 11 | 62 ± 10 | 0.14 |
| Haematocrit | 0.41 ± 0.03 | 0.39 ± 0.04 | 0.05 |
| Medications | |||
| Aspirin, n (%) | 0 | 6 (30) | – |
| ACEI/ARB, n (%) | 0 | 6 (30) | – |
| Beta blockers, n (%) | 0 | 3 (15) | – |
| Statin therapy, n (%) | 0 | 8 (40) | – |
| Echocardiography | |||
| Aortic valve area, cm2 | 2.4 ± 0.6 | 1.2 ± 0.6 | < 0.01 |
| Mean pressure gradient, mmHg | 4 ± 1 | 25 ± 16 | < 0.01 |
| Peak velocity, m/s | 1.4 ± 0.2 | 3.3 ± 0.9 | < 0.01 |
| Mean e′, cm/s | 10.7 ± 4.1 | 6.5 ± 2.5 | < 0.01 |
| Median E/e′ (IQR) | 7.1 (6.0, 8.4) | 12.3 (8.6, 17.0) | 0.03 |
| Cardiac magnetic resonance | |||
| Indexed EDV, mL/m2 | 76 ± 14 | 74 ± 18 | 0.65 |
| Indexed ESV, mL/m2 | 28 ± 7 | 23 ± 9 | 0.07 |
| Stroke volume, mL/m2 | 48 ± 8 | 51 ± 12 | 0.43 |
| Indexed LV mass, g/m2 | 67 ± 14 | 81 ± 18 | < 0.01 |
| LV mass/EDV, g/mL | 0.88 ± 0.10 | 1.11 ± 0.20 | <0.01 |
EDV, end diastolic volume; ESV, end systolic volume; IQR, interquartile range; ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ARB angiotensin receptor blockers.