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. 2013 May-Jun;110(3):201–205.

Table 2.

Recent Milestones in Animal Modeling

Years Researcher(s) Milestone
1902 William Castle Begins breeding mice for genetic studies
1909 Clarence Little Begins inbreeding mice to eliminate variation
1920s Frederick Banting Isolated canine insulin and effectively treated diabetic dogs
ca. 1930 Little and MacDowell First fully inbred mouse (20 brother × sister matings) achieved
1940s John Cade Studied the use of lithium salts as an anticonvulsant in guinea pigs and translated his findings to treatments of depression
1976 Rudolf Jaenisch et al. Developed first transgenic mouse
1980s Several Extensive testing of drug safety and dosing regimens for HIV performed in rhesus macaques
1987 Capecchi, Evans, and Smithies Developed first knockout mouse
1997 Wilmut and Campbell First animal cloned from an adult somatic cell, Dolly the sheep
2002 Several Mouse genome sequenced
2004 Several Rat genome sequenced
2009 Aron Geurts et al. Developed first knockout rat