Table 1. Demographic, clinical, laboratory and hemodynamic data.
| Parameters | All ‘control phase’ patients (n = 732) | All ‘CCTA phase’ patients (n = 200) | p-Values | Control phase patients with CCS<800 (n = 679) | Control phase patients with CCS≥800 (n = 53) | p-Values |
| Demographics and coronary risk factors | ||||||
| Age (yrs.) | 63±11 | 61±11 | 0.02 | 62±11 | 72±9 | <0.001 |
| Male sex | 348 (48%) | 112 (56%) | NS | 314 (46%) | 34 (64%) | 0.01 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 27.3±4.9 | 26.9±4.9 | NS | 27.3±5.0 | 26.8±4.1 | NS |
| 1. Advanced age (>65 yrs.) | 325 (44%) | 75 (38%) | NS | 282 (42%) | 43 (81%) | <0.001 |
| 2. Arterial hypertension | 579 (79%) | 132 (73%) | NS | 526 (77%) | 53 (100%) | <0.001 |
| 3. Hypercholesterolemia | 481 (66%) | 94 (52%) | <0.001 | 435 (64%) | 46 (87%) | <0.01 |
| 4. Diabetes mellitus | 104 (14%) | 26 (14%) | NS | 88 (13%) | 16 (30%) | 0.001 |
| 5. Family history of CAD | 242 (33%) | 65 (36%) | NS | 231 (34%) | 11 (21%) | 0.03 |
| 6. Smoking | 217 (30%) | 50 (28%) | NS | 194 (29%) | 23 (43%) | 0.02 |
| Number of risk factors (0–6) | 2.7±1.2 | 2.5±1.3 | 0.04 | 2.6±1.2 | 3.6±0.9 | <0.001 |
| Pre-test probability (%) | 51±31% | 48±29% | NS | 49±30% | 79±20 | <0.001 |
| Laboratory data | ||||||
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 192±48 | 195±51 | NS | 192±48 | 185±44 | NS |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 112±36 | 115±37 | NS | 112±36 | 108±33 | NS |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 54±18 | 53±15 | NS | 55±18 | 47±11 | <0.01 |
| Serum triglycerides (mg/dl) | 139±86 | 149±101 | NS | 134±88 | 151±58 | NS |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.89±0.27 | 0.88±0.24 | NS | 0.88±0.27 | 0.98±0.30 | 0.02 |
| Serum urea (mg/dl) | 36±14 | 34±11 | NS | 36±14 | 40±15 | 0.07 |
| Cardiac medications | ||||||
| Aspirin (100 mg/day) | 325 (44%) | 74 (44%) | NS | 294 (43%) | 31 (58%) | 0.03 |
| Clopidogrel (75 mg/day) | 62 (8%) | 4 (2%) | 0.004 | 50 (7%) | 12 (23%) | <0.001 |
| β blockers | 387 (53%) | 80 (48%) | NS | 350 (52%) | 37 (70%) | 0.01 |
| ACE inhibitors | 202 (28%) | 58 (35%) | NS | 179 (26%) | 23 (43%) | <0.01 |
| Angiotensin receptor blockers | 191 (26%) | 34 (20%) | NS | 173 (25%) | 18 (34%) | NS |
| Diuretics | 201 (27%) | 37 (22%) | NS | 173 (25%) | 28 (53%) | <0.001 |
| Statins | 344 (47%) | 75 (45%) | NS | 304 (45%) | 39 (74%) | <0.001 |
| Cumarines | 74 (10%) | 17 (10%) | NS | 65 (10%) | 9 (17%) | 0.09 |
| Clinical presentation | ||||||
| Typical angina | 40 (6%) | 13 (8%) | NS | 34 (6%) | 6 (13%) | 0.09 |
| Atypical angina | 157 (27%) | 50 (30%) | NS | 145 (27%) | 12 (25%) | NS |
| Non-cardiac chest pain | 392 (67%) | 101 (62%) | NS | 362 (67%) | 30 (62%) | NS |
| Exertional dyspnoea | 254 (39%) | 59 (36%) | NS | 229 (41%) | 25 (49%) | NS |
| Hemodynamic data prior to imaging | ||||||
| Heart rate (bpm) | 63±10 | 62±8 | NS | 64±10 | 65±12 | NS |
| Systolic pressure (mmHg) | 133±18 | 134±19 | NS | 133±18 | 138±19 | NS |
| Diastolic pressure (mmHg) | 80±11 | 82±12 | NS | 80±11 | 80±8 | NS |
| Results calcium scoring | ||||||
| Total Calcium Scoring | 212±462 | 272±652** | NS | 110±204 | 1447±770 | <0.001 |
Data presented as number of patients and percentages or as mean±standard deviation.
LDL indicates Low Density Lipoprotein; HDL, High Density Lipoprotein; CAD, Coronary Artery Disease; NS, Not Significant, and NA, Not Applicable.
**Measured (n = 94) or estimated (n = 106) CCS using non-contrast and CCTA images, respectively.