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. 2014 Apr 2;9:1677–1687. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S59172

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© 2014 Inkielewicz-Stepniak et al. This work is published by Dove Medical Press Limited, and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License

The full terms of the License are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed.

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Induction of ROS and MDA along with reduction of TAC by AgNPs and F co-exposure in CRL-2014 cells. (A) CRL-2014 cells exposed simultaneously to both AgNPs and F produced significantly higher levels of ROS compared to control cells and AgNPs- and F-treated cells, respectively; (B) CRL-2014 cells exposed simultaneously to both AgNPs and F produced significantly higher levels of MDA compared to control cells and AgNPs- and F-treated cells, respectively; (C) CRL-2014 cells exposed simultaneously to both AgNPs and F produced significantly lower levels of MDA compared to control cells and AgNPs- and F-treated cells, respectively.

Notes: *P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001.

Abbreviations: AgNPs, silver nanoparticles; F, fluoride; MDA, malondialdehyde; ROS, reactive oxygen species; TAC, total antioxidant capacity.