Table 1.

Characteristics of the Shanghai Women’s Health Study cohort, by daily nitrate and nitrite intake

	Nitrate			Nitrite
	Q1	Q3	Q5	Q1	Q3	Q5
Energy adjusted median intake (mg/1000kcal)	98.7	182.4	313.2	0.56	0.87	1.23
Age at baseline (years)	52.7	51.6	52.4	53.8	51.5	51.5
Family history of any cancer (%)	24.6	25.1	25.1	23.1	25.6	26.5
Currently married (%)	88.2	90.3	86.4	85.1	90.3	89.5
Body mass index (kg/m2)	23.8	23.9	24.4	24.2	23.9	24.2
Ever smoker (%)	3.7	2.3	2.9	4.3	2.4	2.4
Ever regular drinker of alcohol (%)	2.3	2.3	2.5	2.1	2.1	2.8
Education, high school or more (%)	40.6	43.2	37.3	29.5	44.9	46.2
Physical activity (met /day/yr)a	0.54	0.67	0.9	0.67	0.73	0.89
Daily dietary intake (mean)
Energy (kcal)	1697.1	1698.9	1610.3	1637.6	1706.8	1653.5
Vegetables (g/1000kcal)	88.1	164.7	296.2	117.5	169.9	253.7
Cruciferous vegetables (g/1000kcal)	21.4	50.2	109.8	45.2	54.6	74.7
Fruits (g/1000kcal)	103.5	164.8	211.7	73.2	157.9	258.6
Red meat (g/1000kcal)	29.5	30.3	27.3	28.9	30.5	27.5
Preserved food (g/1000kcal)	24.4	29.4	31.6	15.0	27.3	45.1
Salted preserved meat (g/1000kcal)	0.78	0.87	0.87	0.59	0.80	1.25
Smoked meat/bacon (g/1000kcal)	0.34	0.41	0.40	0.17	0.37	0.73
Preserved vegetables (g/1000kcal)	17.4	21.2	23.0	8.9	19.6	34.8
Fat (g/1000kcal)	16.3	17.5	17.7	14.8	17.7	18.8
Fiber (g/1000kcal)	4.8	6.2	8.1	4.8	6.2	8.0
Protein (g/1000kcal)	36.7	39.7	42.5	35.5	40.0	43.1
Iron (mg/1000kcal)	9.6	10.9	12.8	9.8	11.0	12.4
Vitamin C (mg/1000kcal)	29.8	53.1	87.9	34.5	53.8	81.2
Vitamin E (mg/1000kcal)	5.4	7.0	8.8	4.8	7.0	9.5
Carotene (mg/1000kcal)	780.4	1502.8	2759.4	1121.6	1566.2	2260.3
Folic acid (μg/1000kcal)	139.2	170.2	215.9	143.5	171.9	207.7
Calcium (mg/1000kcal)	209.1	268.5	355.7	200.3	273.5	352.3

^ametabolic equivalent tasks-hours/day/year; 1 met = 1 kcal/kg/hr